语法-基本句型.ppt

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1、句子名词----noun动词----verb形容词----adjective副词----adverb介词----preposition代词----pronoun短语----phrase从句----clause语气----tone时态----tense现在分词----presentparticiple过去分词----pastparticiple及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb句子句子成分;sentencecomponent基本句型;sentencepattern句子分类;sentencetypes句子结构;sentencestruct

2、ure一句子成分1.主语；subject2.谓语；verb3.宾语；object4.表语；predicative5.定语；attribute一句子成分6.状语；adverbial7.同位语；appositive8.补足语；complement9.独立成分；independentcomponent二基本句型1.S+V2.S+V+O3.S+V+P4.S+V+Oi+Od5.S+V+O+C6.Therebe结构三句子分类1.陈述句---declarativesentence2.祈使句---imperativesentence3.疑问句---interrogativesentence4.

3、感叹句---exclamatorysentence四句子结构1.简单句---simplesentence2.并列句---compoundsentence3.复合句---complexsentence4.并列复合句---compoundcomplexsentence句子成分主语LiHuaplaysfootball.---名词Nobodycanhelpyou.---代词Honestyisthebestpolicy.---抽象名词Fourandfivemakesnine.---数词Theoldneedourhelp.---形容词主语Tobecomeanurseismywish.---

4、不定式Runningisgoodforyourhealth.---doingBetween6and7inthemoringisagoodtimeforreading.---介词短语Thatheforgottotellmethetimecausedlotsoftrouble.---从句谓语表示主语的行为，动作或所处状态。动词有人称、数的变化。JackhatesRose.Theplanetookoffat8.Iwouldliketoinvitemyfriendshere.宾语Hebuystwobooks.Weshouldhelpthepoor.Iadvisewaitinguntil

5、tomorrow.YouunderstandwhatImean.直接宾语、间接宾语.Showmeyourbook,please.Myboyfriendbuysmeacamera.直宾：yourbook间宾：me表语系+表结构组成复合谓语，说明主语的特征、类型、状态、身份等。Youareateacher.Pollutionbecomesaproblem.I'mworriedaboutyourstudy.Wastingtimeiskillingyourself.Mywishistobecomeasinger.定语描述名词或代词的修饰语。Openyourmouth.Shecutthe

6、cakeintotwopiece.Thisisastonetable.Heisahandsomeboy.Theabovephotowastaken50yearsago.---Ihavesomthingimportanttotellyou.---Thebuildingsaroundwereold.---Thebooksonthetopwereboughttoday.状语修饰动词/形容词/副词/其他状语/主句等。表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果等。LilyspeaksEnglishveryfast.Weworktolive.Arrivingthere,callme

7、.ThemeetingisgoingtobeheldinRoom321tomorrowmorning.同位语对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明。与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分。Wehavetwoforeignteachers,aJapaneseandanAmerican.Theyeachcangetachancetogoabroad.Youthreearereadytoleave.ThenewsthatheisgoingtoBeijingistrue.补足语有些动词除了需要一个宾