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1、Generalterms一般词汇alto男高音,女低音tenor次中音baritone上低音,男中音bass低音soprano女高音mezzo-soprano女次高音sharp高半音符号,升号flat调号`natural(sign)本位号staff,stave五线谱A,B,C,D,E,F,G唱名la,si,do,re,mi,fa,solGclef,trebleclef高音谱号Fclef,bassclef低音谱号Cclef,tenorclef,altoclef中音谱号semibreve全音符minim二分音符dotte
2、dcrotchet四分音符quaver八分音符semiquaver十六分音符demisemiquaver三十二分音符hemidemisemiquaver六十四分音符rest休止符crotchetrest四分休止符semitone半音pause休止time,bar拍子rhythm节奏three-fourtime三四拍子:syncope,syncopation切分音tone音程pitch基音majorkey大调minorkey小调scale音阶arpeggio琶音solfeggio视唱solmization阶名唱法dia
3、pason,range音域tuningfork音叉metronome节拍器chord和弦,谐音cadence调音counterpoint多声部音乐lyrics,words歌词score总谱,乐谱orchestra乐队conductor乐队指挥baton乐队指挥棒band管乐队solo独奏,独唱duet,duo二重奏,二重唱trio三重奏,三重唱quartet,quartette四重奏,四重唱quintet五重奏,五重唱choir,choralsociety合奏,合唱musicalforms音乐形式instrument
4、almusic器乐vocalmusic声乐chambermusic室内乐sacredmusic宗教音乐plainsong圣歌oratorio宗教剧motet宗教赞美歌cantata大合唱canticle颂歌psalm赞美诗(Christmas)carol圣诞歌sonata奏鸣曲symphony交响乐concerto协奏曲prelude前奏曲overture序曲fugue赋格曲interlude幕间曲opera歌剧comicopera喜歌剧operetta小歌剧musical(comedy)音乐喜剧melody曲调,旋
5、律song歌曲flamenco(song)弗莱明哥民歌chorus副歌ballad叙事曲lullaby摇篮曲hymn,anthem颂歌,国歌stringinstruments弓弦乐器bowedinstruments弓弦乐器violin小提琴viola中提琴cello,violoncello大提琴contrabass,doublebass低音提琴harp竖琴zither齐特拉琴,九弦琴lyre里拉琴,七弦琴lute诗琴,硫特琴Chineselute琵琶banjo班卓琴guitar吉他electricguitar电吉他f
6、irststring第一弦bassstring低音弦soundhole音孔soundbox音箱mute,sourdine弱音器bow弦弓plectrum拨子fret品neck琴颈nut回纹柱bridge琴马,弦马windinstruments管乐器woodwind(instrument)木管乐器flute横笛pipe,shawm芦笛harmonica,mouthorgan口琴oboe洋埙bagpipes风笛accordion手风琴Englishhorn,tenoroboe,coranglais英国管clarinet单
7、簧管bassoon低音管,巴松管brassinstruments铜管乐器doublebassoon,contrabassoon倍低音管horn,trumpet小号cornet军号,短号trombone低音号saxophone萨克管mouthpiece哨嘴reed簧片key键piston活塞keyboardinstruments击健乐器grandpiano三角钢琴,大钢琴keyboard键盘Lkey键pedal踏板string琴弦hammer琴槌pianola自动钢琴harpsichord击弦古钢琴organ管风琴re
8、gister,organstop调音器.harmonium风琴barrelorgan手摇风琴percussioninstruments打击乐器drum,kettledrum鼓tambourine手鼓smalltambourine小手鼓bassdrum低音鼓,大鼓drumstick鼓槌cymbals铙（náo）,钹（bó）xylophone木琴v
