【语法透视】：含情态动词的被动语态.doc

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1、【语法透视】：含情态动词的被动语态1.含情态动词的被动语态的基本结构为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”。Manytreesshouldbeplantedonthemountains.应该在树上植许多树。Studentsshouldbeallowedtogotoschoolbybike.应该允许学生们骑自行车上学。2.把含情态动词的主动句变成被动句，即把“情态动词+动词原形”改为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，此时，作主语的要用动词承受者。Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.→Theclassroomshouldbecleanedeveryday.3.句式

2、的转换(1)否定句：在情态动词后加not就行。Thesebookscan’tbereadforchildren.这些书孩子们不能读。(2)一般疑问句：直接将被动语态的陈述句的情态动词提到的句首。ShouldAnnbeallowedtowearherownclothes?应该允许安选择自己的衣服吗？(3)特殊疑问句：由疑问词加上含有情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句构成。Whenmustmyhomeworkbehandedin?我的作业必须何时交？4.对含有情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句的回答，一般应保留原句中的情态动词，但must表示“必须”时，其否定回答用needn’t。—Shouldmyh

3、omeworkbefinishedtoday?我的作业应在今天完成吗？—Yes,itshould./No,itshouldn’t.是的，应在今天完成。/不，不应在今天完成。—Musttheroombecleanedrightnow?房间必须马上打扫吗？—Yes,itmust./No,itneedn’t.是的，必须立即打扫。/不，不必立即打扫。典例题解〖例1〗Teenagersshouldtochoosetheirownclothes.A.allowB.toallowC.beallowedD.allowed〖解析〗C。主语teenagers是动作allow的承受者，再根据should确定要用

4、情态动词的被动语态，即“情态动词+be+过去分词”。〖例2〗-Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?-Alotofnewroads,Ithink.A.havetobuildB.mustbuildC.havebuiltD.mustbebuilt3/3〖解析〗D。newroads是动作build的承受者，应用被动语态。含must的情态动词的被动语态为“must+be+情态动词”。〖例3〗Thiskindoffood_____cool,cleananddryaccordingtotheinstruction.A.shouldbecarrie

5、dB.mustbeputC.shouldbeplacedD.mustbekept〖解析〗D。根据句意，主语food是动作的承受者，用被动语态，而空格后的cool是形容词，而“keep+某物+形容词”意为“使……保持……状态”，故选D。〖例4〗Smoking____inpublicplaces,sodon’tsmokehere.A.allowsB.isallowedC.doesn’tallowD.isn’tallowed〖解析〗D。主语smoking是动作allow的承受者，排除A和C。由sodon’tsmokehere可知这儿禁止吸烟，故选D。语法精练I.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1

6、.Howmanymagazines____(canborrow)inyourlibraryeveryweek?2.Inmanycountries,teenagersunder18____(shouldnotallow)togointoInternetbars.3.Somepeoplethinktrees____(shouldplant)onTreeplantingDayonly.4.Theflowers____(mustwater)everyday.5.Adictionary____(canuse)intheexam.II.同义句转换，每空一词。1.Studentsshouldcleant

7、heirclassroomeveryday.Theirclassroom_____________everyday.2.Canyoumendthisradio?____thisradio________?3.Weshouldnotallowfifteen-year-oldstoworkatnight.Fifteen-year-olds____________toworkatnight.4.Whoshouldbeasked