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1、水资源规划及利用的国内外现状及未来发展趋势`````大学`````学院``````1班```学号:````23中文摘要随着世界各国经济的快速发展和人口的急剧增加,全球性水危机从出现到变得日益严重,已经引起人们的普遍关注。在我国,洪涝灾害、干旱缺水、水生态环境恶化等水问题,已经成为严重威胁社会经济可持续发展的制约因素。近年来,生产、生活需水量不断增长,而水污染、用水浪费与水资源短缺并存,加剧了供需水矛盾,亦导致了一系列的社会经济、生态环境问题。上世纪90年代初,我国水资源出现严重短缺、水污染不断加重,水资源优化
2、配置的概念在此背景下被明确提出,并逐步应用到水资源的规划与管理中,目前仍处在发展阶段。传统的水资源配置存在强调开发利用而忽视环境保护、强调节水而忽视高效、注重缺水地区的水资源优化配置而忽视水资源充足地区的用水效率的提高、突出水资源的分配效率而忽视行业内部用水合理性等问题,影响了区域经济的发展和水资源的可持续利用。水资源优化配置研究,特别是新理论和新方法的研究,显得尤为迫切。本文在阅读文献、总结分析当前研究成果的基础上,试图对水资源优化配置的理论及应用,从面向可持续发展的角度进行探索研究。【关键词】水资源规划管
3、理可持续利用数学模型23【Abstract】Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomyandtherapidincreaseofpopulation,globalwatercrisisfromappeartobecomeincreasinglyserious,hasarousedpeople'sattention.Inourcountry,theflooddisaster,dry,waterecologicalenvironmentdeteriorationwaterpr
4、oblems,hasbecomeaseriousthreattosustainablesocialandeconomicfactorsrestrictingthedevelopmentof.Inrecentyears,theproduction,thewateroflifeisconstantlyincreasing,andwaterpollution,wastewaterandwatershortagescoexist,increasedthewatersupplyanddemandcontradictio
5、n,alsoledtoaseriesofsocialandeconomic,ecologicalenvironmentproblems.Inthe1990s,thewaterresourceinChinaappearseriousshortage,waterpollutionworse,theconceptoftheoptimalallocationofwaterresourcesinthiscontextisputforward,andgraduallyappliedinwaterresourcesplan
6、ningandmanagement,Stillinthedevelopmentstage.Thetraditionalemphasisondevelopmentandutilizationofwaterresourcesallocationandneglectenvironmentalprotection,emphasizethewatersavingandignoreefficiency,payattentiontotheoptimalallocationofwaterresourcesshortagere
7、gionandignorethewaterresourcesufficientareatoenhancetheefficiencyoftheallocationofwaterresources,outstandingefficiencyandneglectedtheindustryproblemssuchaswaterinsidetherationality,theimpactoftheregionaleconomicdevelopmentandsustainableuseofwaterresources.O
8、ptimalallocationofwaterresourcesresearch,especiallynewtheoriesandnewmethodisparticularlyurgent.Inthispaper,summarizesandanalyzesthecurrentreadingliteraturebasedontheachievementofresearch,attemptstoopti