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1、第22卷第8期生态学报Vol.22,No.82002年8月ACTAECOLOGICASINICAAug.,2002灌溉对干旱沙区紫花苜蓿生物学特性的影响白文明(中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室,北京100093)摘要:研究了干旱沙区不同水分处理下紫花苜蓿的(MedicagosativaL.)生物学特性。结果表明,不同水分处理对紫花苜蓿植株高度、根系伸长生长和地上生物量形成的影响是不同的。在生长季内,灌水量最少的喷灌处理W3植株高度最低,灌水量较多的漫灌处理W1和灌水量居中的喷灌处理W2植株高度相对较高,表明较多的灌水有利于植株高度的生长;对于根系长度则相反,灌水量最少的喷灌处理
2、W3根系伸长生长较快,到结实后期根系长度达到最大值107160cm,说明适当的干旱可以促进紫花苜蓿根系伸长生长;地上生物量则是灌水量居中的喷灌处理W2最高,表明在干旱沙区这种特殊的环境条件下,采取W2这种灌溉方式种植紫花苜蓿,既可以获得较高的地上生物量,又可以节约利用水分。关键词:灌溉;干旱沙区;紫花苜蓿;生物学特性EffectofIrrigationMethodsandQuotaonMorphologicalCharac-teristicsofAlfalfainWulanbuheSandyRegionBAIWen2Ming(LaboratoryofQuantitativeVegetation
3、Ecology,InstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyofSci2ences,Beijing100093,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2002,22(8):1247~1253.62Abstract:WulanbuhesandyregionisinNorthernandNorthwestofChinawith10hminthearea.Itisthetypicallyfarming2pastoralzone,andalsoecologicalweakzone.Thedeepeningcontrolsandificationandprotecte
4、cologicalandenvironmentalunderstandingwithimplement“westernChinadevelopment”stratagem,soitisanurgentrequirementtoreturningcultivatedlandtoforestsorpasturesinsomere2gions.Theproblemofhowtoscientificallyutilizationforlimitedwaterresourcesandmeliorationecologi2calandenvironmentalcontinuallyareurgentreq
5、uirementtoimportantprojectcurrently.Alfalfa(MedicagosativaL.)iscommonlycalled“kingsofforagecrop”,withhighadaptable,developedrootsandhighyield.Alfalfaiscommonlyknownnotonlyasahighqualityforagecrop,butalsoaplantcanameliorationsoilandcontrolwindsandsand.Thus,theproblemofscientificallyutilizationforwate
6、rresourcesandprotectecologicalenvironmentinthissandyregionhasbecomeveryimportantoperationsignificancethroughre2searchontherelationshipbetweenthebiologicalspecificityofalfalfaandwaterutilization.TheexperimentwascarriedoutinDengkouEcologicalExperimentalStation(41°21′919″N,106°53′3413″E;elevation1050m)
7、ofChinaAgriculturalUniversityinDengkou,InnerMongoliafromMarchtoOctober,1999.ZhungeralfalfawasusedanddrilledonApril23,1999,with3cmindepth,25cmin-2-2widthand2215kgõhminsowingquantity.Ureaof150kgõhmandca