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《应用群体改良法选育高产优质抗病油菜新品种》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、2012年12月中国油料作物学报2012,34(6):575—581Chinesejournalofoilcropsciences应用群体改良法选育高产优质抗病油菜新品种陆光远,张学昆,李桂英,程勇,郑普英,瞿桢,付桂萍,邹崇顺(中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉,430062)摘要:为了探究轮回选择在油菜品种群体改良中的作用,利用具有高产、双低、抗病等优异性状的种质材料为育种亲本,以显性细胞核雄性不育基因为桥梁,构建了一个随机交配轮回选择群体。针对群体的产量、品质、抗病性等性状进行了多次轮回选
2、择,结果表明经过6轮选择后,群体的主要性状得到改良,产量增加l1.3%,每轮遗传增益为1.88%;芥酸和硫苷含量每轮遗传增益达到10.12%和6.37%,改良效果明显;但菌核病的抗性改良效果不明显。经过多轮选择后群体的遗传离散度仍然较高(0.3383~0.3777),表明遗传多样性并没有明显下降。从不同轮次群体中选择优异单株,经系谱选择后育成了中双5号、中双6号和中双】0号等优良品种,在生产上应用广泛,表明轮回选择在油菜品种改良方面具有巨大潜力。关键词:甘蓝型油菜;群体改良;轮回选择;显性细胞核雄性不育;分子标记辅助选择中图分类号:$565
3、.403文献标识码:A文章编号:1007~9084(2012)06—0575—07Breedingofhighyield,doublelowanddiseaseresistantrapeseedcultivarsbypopulationimprovementLUGuang—yuan,ZHANGXue—kun,LIGui—ying,CHENGYong,ZHENGPu—ying,QUZhen,FUGui—ping,ZOUChong—shun(KeyLaboratoryofBiologyandGeneticImprovementofOilCrop
4、s,MinistryofAgriculture,OilCropsResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Wuhan430062,China)Abstract:Tostudytheeffectivenessofreeu~entselectioninpopulationimprovementofrapeseedvariety,arecurrentselectionpopulationwasconstructedbymixingseveralgermplasmpopulatio
5、nswithhigh—yield,double—lowanddisease—resistantcharacteristics,usingdominantgenicmalesterilelineasabridgeforrandommating.Thisrecurrentpopulationwasthensubjectedtoconsecutiveselectionsmainlyonyield,qualityandSclerotiniastemrotresistance.Resultsshowedthat。after6selectioncycl
6、esonthepopulation.seedyieldincreasedby11.3%withageneticgainof1.88%percycle.Exceptforstemrotresistance,obviousgeneticimprovementswerefoundineru—cicacidandglucosinolatescontents,witharespectivegeneticgainof10.12%and6.37%.Thepopulationgeneticdispersionwasstableandhigh(from0.3
7、383to0.3777),indicatingnoobviouspenaltyongeneticdiversityafterseveralcyclesofselection.Idealfertileplantsidentifiedindifferentgenerationswerefurtherdevelopedintobreed—inglinesbypedigreeselectionmethod.Anumberofneweuhivars(i.e.Zhongshuang5,Zhongshuang6andZhongshuang10)hadbe
8、enreleasedandwidelydistributed,indicatingthattherecurrentselectionisveryusefultoimprovera
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