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1、语法—介词介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一定成分。 介词分为:1、简单介词,如at,in,for等;2、合成介词,如within,inside,onto,throughout等;3、短语介词,如accordingto,outof,becauseof,bymeansof,inspiteof,insteadof等;4、双重介词,如frombehind/above/under,untilafter等;5、分词介词,如consideri
2、ng,including,judging(from/by)等。一、方位介词1.above,over,on;below,under,beneath(1)above______________________________________,其反义词是________________。(2)over______________________________________,其反义词是________________。(3)on______________________________________,其反义词是
3、________________。Aplaneisflying________________themountain.有一架飞机在山的上方飞。Thereisabridge________________theriver.河上有一座桥。Thereisalamp________________thedesk.书桌上有一个台灯。Fromthehill,wecanseeariver________________us.从这座小山上,我们能看见下面的一条河。Thereisacat________________thech
4、air.椅子底下有一只猫。2.across,over,through,pastacross意为“_______________________”,表示______________________________。over意为“________________”,表示_____________________________________。through意为“______________”,表示_____________________________________。past意为“______________
5、_”,表示_____________________________________。TheGreatWallwindsitsway________westtoeast,________desert,_____________mountains,________________valleystillatlastitreachesthesea.3.in,on,to,off在方位名词前的区别in表示____________________;to表示____________________;on表示_________
6、___________。Off表示____________________ShandongProvinceis/lies_________theeastofChina.Japanis/lies_________theeastofChina.ThePacificOceanis_________theeastofChina.7Helivesinavillagealittleway____themainroad.at、on、inat____________________atthedoor,attheairport,
7、atthestation,at55ParkStreet,in____________________inChina,inthenorth,inAsia,on____________________onthedesk,onthewall二、时间介词表示_________________________________________________,一般用介词in,如:inthe1990s,intheyear,inJanuary,in(the)winter/summer/fall/spring,inthefirs
8、tweekofMay。还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如:inawhile,innotime,inthedaytime,inashortwhile,intime,inthemorning(afternoon,evening)。注意:①atnight/atnoon,intheday(在白天),inthenight(在夜间)。②infivedays(weeks,months,years