枣棉间作系统枣树的补水试验研究

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1、新疆农业科学2010，47(7)：1304—1309XinjiangAgriculturalSciences枣棉问作系统枣树的补水试验研究宋锋惠，俞涛，卓热木·塔西，史彦江，吴正保(新疆林业科学院造林治沙研究所，乌鲁木齐830063)摘要：【目的】为同时满足新疆枣棉间作系统中枣与棉花的需水规律，不影响棉花产量的情况下，提高枣产量。在棉花播种至开花前不需灌水的情况下，对问作地枣树进行补水，揭示枣与棉花的产量、效益差异，以期为新疆枣棉间作系统的水分调控提供理论依据。【方法】分别于枣树萌芽期(4月下旬)和初花期

2、(5月下旬)对枣树行补水，设置试验方案为补水1次、2次、对照(不补水)，重复3次。生长季节定期测定枣树生长量，枣果成熟期测定标准枝的坐果数、单果重、产量，并测算间作棉花的单产。【结果】补水1次与2次后，枣树新稍增长量明显高于对照，灌水次数之间差异不显著；补2次水的坐果数略低于补1次和对照，但单果重和产量却显著高于其他2个处理；不同处理间棉花产量和品质无显著差异。【结论】枣棉间作系统中，应对枣树的萌芽期和初花期分别补水1次。这对提高枣树的生长、结实及产量非常有利，而对棉花的生长和产量没有影响。关键词：枣棉间

3、作；补水；生长；产量中图分类号：$344．2文献标识码：A文章编号：1001—4330(2010)07—1304—06SupplementaryIrrigationTestontheJujubeinIntercroppingSystemofjujubeandCottonSONGFeng—hui，YUTao，Zhuoremu‘Taxi，SHIYan—jiang，WUZheng—bao(InstituteofAforestationandSandControl，XinjiangAcademyofForestr

4、ySciences·Urumqi830063，China)Abstract：【Objective]Tomeettherequirementsofwaterforjujubeandcottonatthesametimeinthejujube—cottonintercroppingsystem，andtheyieldofcotton，increasetheyieldofJujube．Asupplementaryirrigationexperimentforjujubewasconductedfromtheco

5、ttonseedingtobloomingwithoutirrigationtorevealdifferencesofyieldandbenefitbetweenjujubeandcottontoprovidetheoreticalbasisforwaterregulationinjujube—cottonintercroppingsystem．【Method】Thesupplementaryirrigationwasconductedforjujubeatthesproutingstage(thelas

6、tten—dayperiodofApr．)andattheinitialflowerstage(thelastten—dayperiodofMay)，thesupplementaryirrigationexperimentwasdesignedasfollows：once，twice，CK(Supplementaryirrigationwasnotbecarriedout)repeatedthreetimes．Thefruitsetpercentage，weightperfruit，yieldofjuju

7、beandcottoninintercroppingsystemduringthegrowthstageandmaturestageweredetermined．【Result]afteronceandtwicesupplementaryirrigationthegrowthrateofnewtreetopsofjujubeweresignificantlyhigherthanthatofCK．Thestemgrowthincrementofdifferenttreatmentskeptsteadyinc

8、reasingspeedatalltimes。thereweren’tsignificantdiversityamongthem．ThefnfitsettingpercentageoftwicesupplementaryirrigationevidentlywerelowerthanthoseofonceirrigationandCK，butthesinglefruitweightandyieldweremorethantha