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1、第27卷第4期三峡大学学报(自然科学版)Vol27No.42005年8月JofChinaThreeGorgesUniv.(NaturalSciences)Aug2005三峡工程与长江中游湿地保护王儒述(中国长江三峡工程开发总公司,湖北宜昌443002)摘要:三峡工程规模宏大,举世瞩目,具有巨大的防洪、发电、航运等综合效益,是开发治理长江的骨干工程.湿地是地球之肾,是地球上重要的生命支持系统之一;是陆地天然蓄水库,在抵御洪水、削减径流、蓄洪防旱、降减污染、调节气候诸多方面有着其它生态系统不可替代的作用.长江流域湿地主要集中在中游平
2、原湖区,三峡建库后可调蓄长江上游洪水,调控中游下泄流量及水文情势,有利于中游平原湖区防汛抗旱、防涝排渍工作,促进湿地保护,防止土壤潜育化与沼泽化.三峡工程已于1993年开工,2003年6月水库蓄水,船闸通航,7月第一批机组发电;目前已进入三期工程施工,2009年全部工程竣工投产.三峡工程建设将促进我国能源和经济建设,有利于长江中游湿地保护,是对长江流域最大的生态与环境保护.关键词:三峡工程;长江;中游;湿地;保护中图分类号:TV61文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-948X(2005)04-0289-05ThreeGor
3、gesProjectandMiddleReachWetlandProtectionofYangtzeRiverWangRushu(ChinaYangtzeTGPDevelopmentCorporation,Yichang443002,China)AbstractTheThreeGorgesProject(TGP)ontheYangtzeRiveristhelargestwaterprojectintheworld.Itisnowattractingtheworldwideattention.Itpossessescomprehensive
4、utilizationbenefitsmainlyforfloodcontrol,powergenerationandnavigationimprovement.TGPwillbeavitalimportantandbackboneprojectinharnessinganddevelopingoftheYangtzeRiver.ThewetlandisThekidneyoftheearth.Itisoneoftheim-portantlifesupportsystem.Wetlandisthenaturalreservoirofthe
5、land;itpossessesthespecialfunctioninwithstandingfloods,lighteningrunoff,storage,ant-idrought,reducingpollutionandregulatingclimate,itcouldnotbesubstitutedbyotherecologicalsystems.ThewetlandoftheYangtzeRivermainlyconcentratedintheplainlakeregiononmiddlereaches,thehydrologic
6、circumstancesofthemiddlereacheswillbechangedafterthecompletionofTGPreservoir.Weshoulddoourbestforoverallplanningwithdueconsiderationforallconcerned,carryoutthefloodcontrol,ant-idroughtanddrainage,protectingthewetland,preventingunder-groundcorrosionandswampiness.TGPhasbeenc
7、ommencedin1993,thereservoirhasbeenfilledandship-lockoperatedinJune,thefirstgroupofturbo-generatorshasbeenputintocommissioninJuly2003,thewholeprojectwillbecompletedin2009.TGPconstructionwillgivefullplaytoitsbenefitsandtakeeffectivemitiga-tionmeasurestoitsnegativeimpacts.TGP
8、isanecologicandenvironmentalengineering,itwouldpromoteChina'sWestdevelopmentandthesustain
