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1、Unit1语法重点非谓语动词：todo/doing一、动词不定式不定式可以用来做主语、表语、定语、状语、宾语、独立成分，表示比较具体的意义。（1）做主语①动词不定式短语Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoeasyjob.Toseethisfilmistowastetime.Tosolvethisproblemisoutofthequestion②为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后面，用于这种形式是一些特定的结构。例如：1）谓语部分是系表结构，表语是某些形容词或名词
2、。例如：Itisfoolishtodointhisway.Itsoundsreasonabletodoitthisway.2）某些动词做谓语时。例如：Ittookmuchtimetodothis.Itmakesusexcitedtothinkaboutthat.(2)做表语表示打算、计划、命令和要求，用于appear,seem,happen等系动词后面Suchquestionsaretobeavoided.Whathesaidprovedtobetrue.Heseemstobeill.(3)做定语做定语时不定式一般紧跟其
3、所修饰名词或代词后面。例如：Hewasthefirstonetocomethismorning.Hedidn’thavethechancetogotoschoolinthepast.如果不定式是不及物动词时，应注意其相应介词的搭配。例如：Hehasnothingtoworryabout.Sheisaverynicepersontoworkwith.(4)作状语不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果。①表目的常用inorderto,soasto,等结构但soasto只能放在主句之后。Checkyourhomeworksoas
4、toavoidmistakes.Shegoeshome(inorder)toseehergrandmothereveryweek.②表结果常用onlytodo,enoughtodo,too…todo等句型，不定式短语作结果状语具有“意料之外”之意。Heistooexcitedtospeakanything.I hurried to his house, only to find him out.③原因She seemed surprised to see us.He issorryforwhathedid to thin
5、k of his past.-不定式作方式状语时，通常采用as if 或 as though + to 的结构，其意为“好像要……”。He raised his hand as if to hit me.She took out a pen and a piece of paper as though to write something.(5)做宾语①某些及物动词要用动词不定式作宾语,以下及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语：agree, ask, attempt, choose, continue,decide, desi
6、re, determine, expect,forget,hope,,intend, learn, manage, mean, offer, prefer,,promise, refuse, try，want, wish等。例如：②动词不定式作宾语时，如其后有补足语，则可以用先行语it作形式宾语，而将真正宾语动词不定式后移，用于该形式的常见动词有：believe,consider,feel,guess,imagine,know,make,prove,realize,see,show,suppose,think,und
7、erstand,find等。例如：I felt it useless for us to say anything further.I made it a rule to get up early, take a cold bath, and then do some running.(6)做宾语补足语①带to的不定式做宾补有相当数量的及物动词或短语可以接带to的不定式做宾补。例如：I shall try to persuade her to see the doctor.The villagers didn’t all
8、ow them to do this.I will ask them to leave the company.Ishallpersuadehimtotakethemedicine.②不带to的不定式做宾补也有一些及物动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补，常见的有使役动词类：make,let,have；感官动词类：see,
