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时间:2020-04-16
《减量施氮对玉米-大豆套作体系土壤氮素残留和氮肥损失的影响-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、应用生态学报2014年8月第25卷第8期ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Aug.2014,25(8):2267-2274减量施氮对玉米一大豆套作体系土壤氮素残留和氮肥损失的影响:l=刘小明雍太文刘文钰苏本营宋春杨峰王小春杨文钰(四川农业大学农学院农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,成都611130;四川农业大学资源环境学院生态环境研究所,成都611130)摘要通过田间试验,研究了玉米单作、大豆单作、玉米一大豆套作3种种植模式和不施氮、减量施氮(180kgN·hm)、常量施氮(240kgN·hm)3种施氮水平对玉米和大豆植株
2、氮素吸收、土壤氮素残留和氮肥损失的影响.结果表明:玉米一大豆套作体系下,施氮提高了玉米土壤中残留的NO一N、NH4+-N含量,但在大豆土壤中则降低.与单作相比,玉米套作的土壤氮素残留量增加,氮肥损失量降低,大豆套作的土壤氮素残留量和氮肥损失量均降低.减量施氮处理下,玉米.大豆套作系统的氮肥残留率、损失率和氨挥发损失率分别比玉米单作低17.7%、21.5%和0.4%,比大豆单作高2.0%、19.8%和0.1%.与常量施氮相比,减量施氮降低了玉米.大豆套作系统的氮肥残留量、残留率、损失量和损失率,同时还降低了由氨挥发所引起的氮肥损失,其中氮肥残留率、损失率和氨
3、挥发损失率分别降低12.O%、15.4%和1.2%.关键词玉米一大豆套作减量施氮氮素残留氮肥损失氨挥发文章编号1001—9332(2014)08—2267—08中图分类号$147.3,S181文献标识码AEfectofreducedNapplicationonsoftNresidueandNlossinmaize-—soybeanrelaystt'ipin--tercroppingsystem.UUXiao—ruing,YONGTai—wen,LIUWen-yu,SUBen—ying,SONGChunI1。YANGFeng,WANGXiao—chun,YA
4、NGWen—yu(MinistryofAgricultureKeyLabora—toryofCropPhysiology,EcologyandCultivationinSouthwest,CollegeofAgronomy,SichuanAgri—culturalty,Chengdu611130,ina;InstituteofEcologicaZandEnvironmentafSciences,CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,SichuanAgriculturalUniversity,Chengdu611130,Cina)
5、.一C.App1.Eco1.,2014,25(8):2267—2274.Abstract:Afieldexperimentwasconductedin2012,includingthreeplantingpattem(maize-soybeanrelaystripintercropping,mono-culturedmaizeandsoybean)andthreenitrogenapplicationlevel[0kgN·hm一,180kgN·hm一(reducedN)and240kgN·hm一(normalN)].Fieldswereassignedto
6、differenttreatmentsinarandomizedblockdesignwiththreereplicates.Theobiec.tiveofthisworkwastoanalyzetheeffectsofplantingpatternsandnitrogenapplicationratesonplantNuptake,soilNresidueandNloss.Afterfertilizationapplications,NHd.NandNO一一Nlevelsin—creasedinthesoilofintercroppedmaizebutd
7、ecreasedinthesoilofintercroppedsoybean.Com.paredwithmono—crops,thesoilNresidueandlossofintercroppedsoybeanwerereduced,whilethoseofintercroppedmaizewereincreasedanddecreased.respectively.WiththereducedrateofNapplication,Nresiduerate。Nlossrateandammoniavolatilizationlossrateofthemai
8、ze.soybeanintercroppingrelaystrip
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