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1、三、形容词和副词考点1形容词和副词的词形变化1.形容词后缀(1)-able:①v.+able:reliable,eatable,enjoyable,movable等。②n.+able:valuable,reasonable,knowledgeable等。(2)-ible:terrible,horrible,invisible,possible等。(3)-al:international,mental,medical,natural,general等。(4)-ant或-ent:instant,distant,constant,important,patient,differ
2、ent,absent等。(5)-ed或-ing:interested,interesting,pleased,pleasing等。(6)-en:wooden,golden,spoken,written,mistaken等。(7)-ern:eastern,southern,western,northern等。(8)-ful:①n.+ful:colorful,beautiful,helpful,powerful等。②v.+ful:forgetful,careful等。(9)-less:fearless,harmless,useless,helpless等。(10)-ly:fr
3、iendly,lovely,daily,weekly等。(11)n./v.+(i)ous:curious,dangerous,various,anxious等。(12)-some:handsome,troublesome,tiresome等。(13)n.+-y:funny,lucky,snowy,rainy,dusty等。2.形容词前缀(1)un-:unhappy,unfair,unimportant,uncomfortable,unnecessary等。(2)im-:impossible,impolite,impatient等。(3)in-:inactive,incon
4、venient,incorrect等。(4)dis-:disabled,dishonest等。(5)ir-:irregular,irresponsible等。(6)il-:illegal等。3.副词后缀一般都是adj.+-ly构成,如simple→simply等。【点津】注意以-e结尾的形容词变副词时有的去掉e,有的不去e,直接加-ly。例如:definite→definitely,true→truly。【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Thetitlewillbe______(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondo
5、n.解题关键:此处表示(大使)这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予给我,根据句子结构可知,应该使用副词作状语修饰动词given。答案判定:officially【高考题组】用所给词的适当形式填空/单句改错1.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich_________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.2.(2016·四川高考)Chinesescientists_______(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewb
6、ornbaby.graduallyrecently3.(2016·浙江高考)Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,_________(especial)ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.4.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat______(slow)duringcoolnights.especiallyslowly5.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As_______(nature)archi
7、tects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.6.(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Theriverwassopollutedthatit_______(actual)caughtfireandburned.naturalactually7.(2014·辽宁高考)Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,natural
