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1、Module3TheViolenceofNaturePeriod3Grammar语法专题课过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语Ⅰ.过去完成时的被动语态【课前热身】用所给词的正确形式填空①Bythetimethetornadoended,morethan700people______________(kill).②CoghlantravelledbacktoCanada—afterhe_______________(bury)inTexas.hadbeenkilledhadbeenburied③Sher
2、eturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniture_______________(ruin)bytheflood.④Whenhewokeup,hefoundhishouse_________________(destroy)bythethunderstorm.hadbeenruinedhadbeendestroyed【课堂诠解】过去完成时的被动结构由“hadbeen+过去分词”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的被动的动作,句中常用by,before,until,whe
3、n等词引导时间状语。过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:1.主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。常用于before,bythetime,until,when,after,once,assoonas等引导的状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时,以及by,before,until+过去的时间点。①Bytheendoflastyear,20,000cars__________________.到去年年末,(该厂)已经生产了两万辆轿车。②Theclassroom_
4、_________________beforetheteachercame.老师来之前,教室还没有打扫。hadbeenproducedhadn’tbeencleaned③Howmanybuildings__________________whenthehurricaneended?飓风结束时有多少建筑被毁?④Allofthedishes________________tillthen.到那时盘子全部洗完了。hadbeendestroyedhadbeenwashed2.在told,said,kne
5、w,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时。①Theysaidtheproductioncosts________________.他们说生产成本降低了。②Iwastoldthatthebook____________intheroom.我被告知把那本书落在那个房间里了。hadbeenreducedhadbeenleft3.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的用过去完成时。(用所给词的正确形式填空)①Asthework_____________(do),
6、hebegantowatchTV.②Thegirldidwhatshe____________(tell)to.hadbeendonehadbeentoldⅡ.间接引语【课前热身】将下列句子中直接引语转化为间接引语①Tomsaid,“Iwanttogoshopping.”→Tomsaid(that)__________togoshopping.②Thegirlaskedme,“Canyouhelpme?”→Thegirlaskedme___couldhelp___.hewantedifIher③
7、Iaskedtheboy,“Whyareyoulateagain?”→Iaskedtheboy____he____lateagain.④Hesaidtome,“Shutthewindow,please.”→Hetoldme______thewindow.whywastoshut【课堂诠解】直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。将直接引语改为间接引语时,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语作相应的变化。1.直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时由连词that引导。①Hesai
8、d,“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaid______________verymuch.他说他非常喜欢它。②Hesaid,“Youtoldmethisstory.”→Hesaidthat_____________thatstory.他说我给他讲过那个故事。thathelikeditIhadtoldhim【名师指津】口语中that可以省略;that从句之前常用say,tell等动词。2.直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。①Hesaid,“Can
