句子之间的距离-论文.pdf

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1、StudiesinLogic，Vo1．8，No．2(2015)：351PII：1674—3202(2015)一02-0034-18TheDistancesBetweenSentences木FeiZhaFacultyofPhilosophy,NankaiUniversityzhafei@nankai．edu．cnHuLiuInstituteofLogicandCognition，SunYat-senUniversityliuhu2@mail．sysu．edu．caAbstract．“Context”isaclassicalissueintheo

2、riesofknowledge，linguistics．philosophy,andlogic．Therefiretwolayersofmeaningwhenwetalkabout“context'’．First、contextreferst0physicalandcommunicativeenvironmentofinterpretationwhichiSdeterminedbytime，space，names，signsandsymbols；second，contextreferstothebasictheoreticalframeonw

3、hichthecurrentdiscussioniSbased．InthisPaper，wepresupposeallideallanguagewhichCansaveUSfromdiscussingproblemsraisedbythefirstmeaningofcontext．Thenweconstructthecontextonthesecondmeaningfromaspecifictextcorpus．Intheprocessofconstructingweusetheideaof“clusteranalysis”indatamin

4、ing．regardingcontextsastheclustersofsentencesbasedonthemutualinformationamongsentences．1IntroductionWhenpeopletalkabout“contexts”．itisnaturaltothinkof“epistemiccontex—tualism”，whichiSoneoftheactivetopicsinthetheoryofknowledge．ThereiSalsoconsiderablesupportonassociatingittoc

5、ertainkindsofformalobjectssuchascon—ceptualgraphs，possibleworldsorsituations．Theformer——epistemiccontextualism—iSthetreatmentoftheword“knows”ascontext—sensitive．andthelatterisaseriesofattemptstodescribecontextsinsevera1differentsensesformally．Althoughthereisno印parentconnect

6、ionbetweenthetwoperspectives，theword“context．sensitive”isimportantforbothofthem．Forepistemiccontextualists，theiustificationofabeliefshouldnotbedepictedmerelyasafunctionofcertainfactsaboutthebelief,asfoundationalistsorcoher-entistswouldsuggest，inisolationfrompeople’Ssocialen

7、vironmentorotherkindsofenvironmentswhichcouldgenerallysummarizedascontexts．Asanalternativetofoundationalismandcoherentism，contextualismmakessubstantiveclaimsaboutbelieforjustificationthatregardcontextasputativesubjectsofbeliefandsocialen．vironment．MichaelWilliamswithhis‘‘ep

8、istemologicalrealism'’isoneoftherepre—sentativesofcontextualism．Attl1esametime，som