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1、南京大学学报(自然科学)第42卷第4期Vol.42,No.4JOURNALOFNANJINGUNIVERSITY2006年7月July,2006(NATURALSCIENCES)Three2dimensionalLocalizationofMultipleAcousticSources3UsingSphericalMicrophoneArray33LinZhi2Bin,XuBo2Ling(KeyLaboratoryofModernAcoustics,InstitutionofAcoustics,NanjingUnivers
2、ity,Nanjing,210093,China)Abstract:Sphericalmicrophonearrayshavebeenrecentlyappliedinsoundrecordings,beamforming,soundfieldreproductionandsoundfieldanalysis,astheyhavetheadvantageofspherical2symmetry2facilitatingthree2dimensionalanalysis.Thispaperisconcernedwiththe
3、problemoflocalizationofsingleandmultiplesourcesin3Dspaceusingsphericalmicrophonearrayaccordingtothesymmetryofthisconfiguration.Incontrasttoexistingsoundlocalizationtechniques,thismethodtakesthephysicsofwavepropagationintoaccount.3Dspacesoundfieldsaredecomposedbyus
4、ingsphericalharmonicasthebasisfunctionsbymountingasphericalarrayintoarigidsphere.Thenwestudythesolutiontothesphericalharmoniccoefficientsofsphericalscatteringsoundfieldwiththeexistenceofmultipleacousticsources.Thesphericaltransformisusedtoanalyzethemultipleacousti
5、csources,whichshowsthediversificationofthedirectivityofthesoundfield.Andthenthecontourofthedirectivityofthesoundfieldcanbeusedasamethodofacousticsourcelocalization.Inaddition,thispaperdiscussesthefactorswhichinfluencetheaccuracyofacousticsourcelocalization,suchast
6、henumberandthepositionsofmicrophonearray,andthemodalnumberofthesoundfielddecompositionetc.Finally,ageneticalgorithmisusedtooptimizethesphericalmicrophonearray.ItisshownthatacousticsourcelocalizationbasedonsphericalharmoniccoefficientsandsphericalFouriertransformha
7、sthepotentialtolocalizemultiplesimultaneoussourcesinthearray’sfull360degreesfield2of2view.Keywords:soundlocalization,sphericalharmonic,sphericalmicrophonearray基于球麦克风阵列的三维空间多声源定位林志斌,徐柏龄(南京大学声学研究所,近代声学重点实验室,,南京,210093)摘要:由于球麦克风阵列本身结构的特殊性,目前它广泛的应用于声场录制、波束形成、声场重现和声场分析
8、等等领域.利用球麦克风阵列的对称性进行三维空间的多声源定位,和传统的声源定位方法不一样,通过分析声波传播的物理特性,采用球谐函数声场分解的方法,研究和探讨了离散的球麦克风阵列求解多声源情况下球散射声3基金项目:DoctoralProgramofHigherEducationofChina(2004028
