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时间:2020-04-09
《农业现代化与农民利益保护问题研究.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、安徽农业科学,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2010,38(28):15960-15963责任编辑马卫鹏责任校对李岩农业现代化与农民利益保护问题研究夏菊子(安徽商贸职业技术学院,安徽芜湖241000)摘要综述了发达国家农业现代化的主要模式及其对农民利益的影响,其中美国、加拿大、澳大利亚这类人少地多的国家在农业机械化过程中采取大规模的机械化为主导的节约劳力型模式;日本这类人多地少的国家在农业现代化的过程中采取技术型的节约土地型模式;西欧国家在农业现代化的过程中采取中间型模式,让机械化与技术化共同发挥作用。探讨了农
2、村土地流转中农民利益保障问题:流转权益分配不够合理;擅自改变土地性质和用途,破坏农民长远利益;农民社会保障问题不能得到很好解决。分析了农业产业化过程中农民利益保障问题,指出大户或者龙头企业往往占据了合作社中的有利地位,利用股权优势或管理优势掠夺农户的经营成果,转移风险,农户往往处于劣势。提出了在规模经营中保护农民利益:实行适合国情的适度规模经营;在农户、合作社与龙头企业之间建立公平合理的利益联结机制;加强与完善政府的惠农政策措施。关键词农业现代化;适度规模经营;农民利益;利益联结机制中图分类号F322文献标识码A文章编号051
3、7-6611(2010)28-15960-04ContradictionbetweentheModernizationofAgricultureandtheProtectionoftheInterestsofFarmersXIAJu-zi(AnhuiBusinessCollegeofVocationalTechnology,Wuhu,Anhui241000)AbstractMainmodesofagriculturalmodernizationindevelopedcountriesaresummarized,aswellas
4、theirimpactontheinterestsoffarm-ers.Amongthem,IntheAmerica,Canada,Australiaandothersparsely-populatedcountries,theyadoptthelaborforcesavingmodelbasedonlarge-scalemechanizationduringagriculturalmechanization.Japanandothercountrieswithmanypeopleandlittlelandadoptthela
5、ndsav-ingmodelwithhightechnology.AndtheWesternEuropeanCountriesusetheintermediatemodeltoexertthefunctionofmechanizationandtechnology.interestssecurityoffarmersinrurallandcirculationisdiscussed,suchastheunreasonableallocationofcirculationrights,chan-gingthelandproper
6、tyandlandusewithoutauthorization;underminingthelong-terminterestsoffarmers,andtheunsolvedsocialsecurityproblemoffarmers.Interestguaranteeoffarmersduringtheprocessofagriculturalindustrializationisanalyzed,pointingoutthatbighouseholdorleadingenterpriseusuallyoccupiesa
7、favorablepositioninthecooperative.Theyusetheiradvantagesinshareandmanagementtoraventheoperationachievementofpeasanthouseholdsandtotransferrisks.Duetotheinformationasymmetry,farmersareataweakpositionintheco-operationwithleadingenterprise.Interestsprotectionoffarmersi
8、nscalemanagementisputforward,suchasstrengtheningthesubsidiesforfarmers,implementingamoderatescalemanagementsuitableforthesituationofChina,
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