《风险评价技术及方法》FailureModeandEffectsAnalysis.pdf

《《风险评价技术及方法》FailureModeandEffectsAnalysis.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、Chapter13FailureModeandEffectsAnalysis13.1INTRODUCTIONFailuremodeandeffectsanalysis(FMEA)isatoolforevaluatingtheeffect(s)ofpotentialfailuremodesofsubsystems,assemblies,components,orfunctions.Itisprimarilyareliabilitytooltoidentifyfailuremodesthatwouldadverselyaffectoverallsystemreliabi

2、lity.FMEAhasthecapabilitytoincludefailureratesforeachfailuremodeinordertoachieveaquantitativeprobabilisticanalysis.Additionally,theFMEAcanbeextendedtoevaluatefailuremodesthatmayresultinanundesiredsystemstate,suchasasystemhazard,andtherebyalsobeusedforhazardanalysis.Amoredetailedversion

3、oftheFMEAisknownasfailuremode,effectsandcri-ticalityanalysis(FMECA).TheFMECArequiresthatmoreinformationbeobtainedfromtheanalysis,particularlyinformationdealingwiththecriticalityanddetectionofthepotentialfailuremodes.TheFMEAmethodisadisciplinedbottom-upevaluationtechniquethatfocusesonth

4、edesignorfunctionofproductsandprocessesinordertoprioritizeactionstoreducetheriskofproductorprocessfailures.Inaddition,theFMEAisatoolfordocumentingtheanalysisandcapturingrecommendeddesignchanges.TimeandresourcesforacomprehensiveFMEAmustbeallottedduringdesignandprocessdevelopment,whendes

5、ignandprocesschangescanmosteasilyandinexpensivelybeimplemented.HazardAnalysisTechniquesforSystemSafety,byCliftonA.Ericson,IICopyright#2005JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.235236FAILUREMODEANDEFFECTSANALYSIS13.2BACKGROUNDTheFMEAtechniquefallsunderthedetaileddesignhazardanalysistype(DD-HAT)becauseitis

6、adetailedanalysisdoneatthecomponentorfunctionallevel.ThebasichazardanalysistypesaredescribedinChapter3.AnalternatenameforthistechniqueisFMECA.FMECAisbasicallythesameasFMEAexceptitaddscriticalityevaluationtoeachfailuremode,aswellastheevaluationofpossiblefailuremodedetectionmethods.Thepu

7、rposeofFMEAistoevaluatetheeffectoffailuremodestodetermineifdesignchangesarenecessaryduetounacceptablereliability,safety,oroperationresultingfrompotentialfailuremodes.Whencomponentfailureratesareattachedtotheidentifiedpotentialfailuremodes,aprobabilityofsubsystemorcomponentfailurecanbe