防砂井下工具(中英文对照).pdf

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1、HalliburtonEnergyHalliburtonEnergyServicesServicesSandControlToolsSystem14Oct2006地层砂的危害•砂对井下和地面设备的腐蚀•地层砂充填井筒•地层砂对地面的污染和处理•产能的损失•套管和尾管的变形•地面设备的损坏所造成的停产•地层结构的不稳定•地层能量的损失地层出砂的原因地层出砂的原因•疏松或胶结较弱的地层–Argillaceous(containingclay)cementingmaterials–Interactionofinte

2、r-granularfrictionandinsitustresses–Capillaryforces–Viscosityofthefluidsinplace•不正确的完井方式−Acidstimulation/Completionfluids/Cement•井筒周围应力的变化–HighProductionRates–DepletionoftheReservoirPressure–ProductionofHighViscosityFluids地层出砂的原因地层出砂的原因•地层出水–Dissolvesthecem

3、entingmaterialsholdingthesandgrainstogether°injectionwater°waternotfromtheimmediatevicinity–Increaseddragforcesduetoincreasingtotalfluidrates–Increaseddragforcesduetotwophasefluidflow–Disturbthecohesiveforcesholdingthegrainstogether–Disturbthecapillaryforce

4、sholdingthegrainstogether防砂方法防砂方法•人为的产量控制或低的流动速率−Chokebackproduction−Re-perforate•机械防砂–井底形成人工屏障挡砂–GravelPack–ScreeninOpenhole–HorizontalGravelPack–FracPack如何准确的确定防砂方式？ScreenDeltaExpandedExpandedOHGPHRWPOnlyFracPac™ScreenCompletion裸眼井充填高速水充填筛管压裂膨胀筛管膨胀完井产能状况防

5、砂方式的可靠性作业施工的风险性单井实现分层开采防砂完井和设计必需的信息防砂完井和设计必需的信息完井方式取决于地层的特性–粘土含量(CIR)–粘土的酸溶性–地层的均质性–产层的厚度–油藏的偏移，尖灭–油藏的驱动方式–油藏的温度–油藏的压力防砂完井和设计必需的信息防砂完井和设计必需的信息•产层的矿化度和亲水性•地层砂的粒径–SieveAnalysis–ParticleSizeAnalysis•充填砂的粒径–GravelPackvs.FracPac•筛缝的大小–GravelPackvs.FracPac–Slotte

6、dLiners–Screenonly–PrepackScreens地层砂的粒径分析地层砂的粒径分析VeryVerySiltand•VariouspointsCoarseMediumFineCoarseFineFiner10aredetermined0−D,D,D,50104090D9080•Thesepointscan7060thenbeusedtoCumulativePercentagedeterminethe50gravelsized40302.01.00.80.60.40.20.1.08.06.04.0

7、3neededtoretainSieveOpening,mm2010203040506080100140200325aformationsand.U.S.SieveNo.100DversusD1050•Variouscumulativepercentpointsarechosenforuseindesigningthegravelorscreensize.•Themorecommondesignpointsareshownbelow.–D(slottedliners,screenonlycompletions

8、)10–D(gravelpack,FracPaccompletions)50–D/D4090•<3--wellsorted•35--poorlysorted•Alineisdrawntothe“S”shapedcurvedandasecondislinedrawndowntotheSandSizetopicktheDvalue.xx•Sand