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1、第19卷第7期系统仿真学报©Vol.19No.72007年4月JournalofSystemSimulationApr.,2007基于激光扫描数据的三维可视化建模12222路兴昌,宫辉力,赵文吉,张爱武,李小娟（1.中科院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012;2.首都师范大学三维空间信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室北京100037）摘要：利用地面三维激光扫描仪获取的空间数据，进行了三维空间地物可视化建模研究，提出了利用地面固定激光扫描数据建立建筑物三维可视化模型的框架。针对激光扫描数据的特点进行了地物分离和降噪处理，提取目标
2、建筑物，去除测量噪声和遮挡物；应用平面分割和Hough变换对目标物识别并提取特征点、线、面，进行目标建筑物立面整体匹配纠正，在此基础上，对原始测量数据进行重新采样和多站点拼接配准，得到正确的、完整的目标建筑物立面信息；通过构建三角网建立三维表面模型，通过进行纹理映射实现三维模型可视化表达。试验结果表明，利用上述方法可以有效地处理三维激光扫描获取的空间点位数据，实现对建筑物快速三维可视化建模。关键词：激光扫描；数据处理；三维建模；可视化中图分类号：TP391.9文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-731X(2007)07-1624-06
3、3DVisualizationModellingBasedonLaserScanningData12222LUXing-chang,GONGHui-li,ZHAOWen-ji,ZHANGAi-wu,LIXiao-juan(1.NortheastInstituteofGeographyandAgriculturalEcology,Changchun130012,China;2.MinistryofEducationKeyLaboratoryonrd3DInformationAcquisition&Application,Capital
4、NormalUniversity,105W.3RingRd.N.,Beijing100037,China)Abstract:Usingthespatialdatacapturedviaground-based3D(three-dimensional)laserscanner,a3Dvisualizationmodellingstudyonspatialobjectwascarriedout,andtheframeworkofestablishing3Dvisualizationbuildingmodelusingterralaser
5、scanningdatawasbroughtforwardaswell.Separationofgroundobjectsfromlaserscanningdataanddenoisingweredonetoextractthetargetbuildingandtoremovethemeasurementnoisesandocclusionsfromthebuildingdataacquiredbeforeaccordingtothecharacteristicsoflaserscanningdata.Thewholematchin
6、gcorrectiontothefacetsoftargetbuildingwasimplementedafterthetargetobjectwasrecognizedandthefeaturesofpoint,lineandpolygonwereextractedbyusingplanarsegmentationandHoughtransformation.Theoriginalmeasurementdatawerere-sampledandthemultistationswereinregistertogettheexacta
7、ndfullfacetinformationofthetargetbuilding.Thetriangularmesheswerebuilttogenerateathree-dimensionalsurfacemodelandthemodelwasvisualizedthroughtexturemapping.Theexperimentresultshowsthatthespatiallocationofpointscollectedby3Dlaserscanningcanbeeffectivelydealtwithandvisua
8、lizationmodellingonbuildingscanbeachievedviathetechniquementionedabove.Keywords:Laserscanning;dataprocessing;three-di
