氨泄漏、中毒事故现场处置预案.doc

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1、预案编号：PSXSC-AQ-XCCZ-O1氨泄漏、中毒事故现场处置方案预案编制：赵继山预案审核：裴子成预案批准：佟辉发布日期：2015年3月10日盘锦正阳食品有限公司目录1．事故风险分析··········································41.1事故类型···············································41.2容易事故发生的区域、地点或装置的名称···················51.3氨泄漏事故可能造成的危害严重程度·················

2、······51.4事故前可能出现的征兆···································61.5事故可能引发的次生、衍生事故···························62．应急工作职责···········································72.1结合公司实际情况建立应急救援小组·······················7172.2应急救援小组成员应急工作职责···························73．应急处置···················

3、····························83.1事故应急处置程序·······································83.2现场应急处置措施·······································84．注意事项··············································124.1佩戴个人防护用具注意事项······························134.2使用救援器材注意事项·······················

4、···········134.3采取救援对策或措施方面的注意事项······················13174.4现场自救互救的注意事项································134.5现场应急处置能力的确认和人员安全防护等事项············144.6应急救援结束后的注意事项······························144.7其他需要特别警示的事项································155．附件·························

5、·························16附件1：公司员工联系方式·································16附件2：上级领导部门级外部救援力量联系方式···············16171．事故风险分析1.1事故类型本企业属于冷库保鲜冷藏贮存及经营企业，本冷库主要涉及的危险化学品为液氨，危险目标主要分布于贮液罐、油氨分离器、冷凝器、氨压缩机及相关的管道、阀门，存在液氨泄漏危险性，在泄漏的同时伴有人员中毒和火灾爆炸危险性，本公司氨泄漏、中毒主要有以下几个方面。1.1.1泄漏方面：a．因操作不

6、当而引发的氨泄漏事故。b．因超压运行而引发的氨泄漏事故。c．因检修不当而引发的氨泄漏事故。d．因腐蚀而引发的管道破损氨泄漏事故。e．因阀门填料磨损、连接法兰垫圈老化而引发的氨泄漏事故。f．因罐体、管道焊缝开裂而引发的氨泄漏事故。g．因制冷设备机械密封磨损而引发的氨泄漏事故。h．因意外碰撞、震动而引发的氨泄漏事故。l．因自然灾害引发的氨泄漏事故。1.1.2中毒方面：a．在应急救援过程中导致的人员中毒；b．在不知泄漏的情况下值班人员导致中毒；c．个人应急救援装备穿戴不规范或损坏导致中毒；17d．大量泄漏导致周围人员中毒。1.2容易事故

7、发生的区域、地点或装置的名称1.2.1液氨储罐的气相进出口、液相进出口、排污口、放散扣、液面计借口、压力表借口等接管、阀门、法兰连接密封等部位失效或泄漏；1.2.2氨管道法兰、阀门、法兰连接密封部位失效或泄漏；1.2.3氨罐车装卸用软管泄漏或爆裂；1.2.4氨气瓶泄漏或爆炸。1.3氨泄漏事故可能造成的危害严重程度1.3.1健康危害氨对人体生理组织具有强烈腐蚀作用。液氨飞溅到皮肤上会引起肿胀甚至冻伤，眼睛被溅淋高浓度氨，会造成视力障碍、残废；低浓度氨对粘膜有刺激作用；高浓度氨可引起组织溶解性坏死、皮肤及上呼吸道粘膜化学性炎症及烧伤、

8、肺充血、肺气肿及出血等；当吸入含氨气浓度达0.5%以上的空气时，数分钟内会引起肺水肿，人在此环境中停留半个小时就会引起中毒，甚至会造成呼吸停止窒息死亡。故氨工作场所空气中的氨气浓度不得超过0.02mg/l。大气中氨的各种浓度对人体生理上造成的反应、