英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(词).doc

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1、TheEnglish-ChineseBasicGlossaryofHumanAnatomy英汉人体解剖学基本词汇systematicanatomy系统解剖学regionalanatomy（topographicanatomy）局部解剖学anatomicalposition解剖学姿势superior上inferior下anterior前posterior后medial内侧lateral外侧superficial浅deep深internal内external外proximal近侧distal远侧verticalaxis垂直轴sagittalaxis矢

2、状轴coronalaxis（frontalaxis）冠状轴（额状轴）sagittalplane矢状面coronalplane（frontalplane）冠状面（额状面）horizontalplane（transverseplane）水平面（横切面）I.LocomotorSystem运动系统1.BonySystem(Osteology）骨学longbone长骨shortbone短骨flatbone扁骨irregularbone不规则骨sesamoidbone籽骨compactbone（densebone）骨密质cancellousbone（spon

3、gybone）骨松质diploe板障periosteum骨膜bonemarrow骨髓(1)BonesofTrunk躯干骨vertebrae椎骨cervicalvertebrae颈椎thoracicvertebrae胸椎lumbarvertebrae腰椎sacrum骶骨coccyx尾骨20/20atlas寰椎axis枢椎vertebraprominens隆椎sternum胸骨rib肋骨costalcartilage肋软骨(2)Skull颅frontalbone额骨ethmoidbone筛骨sphenoidbone蝶骨parietalbone顶骨te

4、mporalbone颞骨occipitalbone枕骨maxilla上颌骨zygomaticbone颧骨palatinebone腭骨nasalbone鼻骨lacrimalbone泪骨inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲vomer犁骨mandible下颌骨hyoidbone舌骨(3)BonesofUpperLimb上肢骨clavicle锁骨scapula肩胛骨humerus肱骨ulna尺骨radius桡骨scaphoidbone手舟骨lunatebone月骨triquetralbone三角骨pisiformbone豌豆骨trapeziumb

5、one大多角骨trapezoidbone小多角骨capitatebone头状骨hamatebone钩骨metacarpalbones掌骨phalanges指骨(4)BonesofLowerLimb下肢骨hipbone髋骨ilium髂骨ischium坐骨pubis耻骨femur股骨20/20patella髌骨tibia胫骨fibula腓骨talus距骨calcaneus跟骨navicularbone足舟骨medialcuneiformbone内侧楔骨intermediatecuneiformbone中间楔骨lateralcuneiformbone外

6、侧楔骨cuboidbone骰骨metartarsalbones跖骨phalangesoftoes趾骨2.Arthrology关节学joint（articulation）关节ligament韧带flexion屈extension伸adduction收abduction展pronation旋前supination旋后rotation旋转circumduction环转(1)JointsofBonesofTrunk躯干骨的连结vertebralcolumn脊柱intervertebraldisc椎间盘annulusfibrosus纤维环nucleuspu

7、lposus髓核anteriorlongitudinalligament前纵韧带posteriorlongitudinalligament后纵韧带cervicalcurve颈曲thoraciccurve胸曲lumbarcurve腰曲sacralcurve骶曲thoraciccage胸廓costalarch肋弓(2)SynovialJointofSkull颅的连结temporomandibularjoint颞下颌关节(3)JointsofUpperLimb上肢骨连结shoulderjoint肩关节elbowjoint肘关节wristjoint（ra

8、diocarpaljoint）腕关节（桡腕关节）(4)JointsofLowerLimb下肢骨连结pelvis骨盆20/20hipjoi