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时间:2020-03-31
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1、2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethatha
2、s 1 acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybepreserved 2 bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly 3 ?Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta 4 tomaketheWebasaferplace-a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech 5 ofaphysicalkey,afingerprint
3、andaphotoIDcard,allrolled 6 one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential 7 toaspecificcomputer.andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto 8 afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Usercould 9 whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshave
4、beenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense 10 bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto 11 justoncebutusemanydifferentservices. 12.t
5、heapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”ncyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa 13 community.Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhich“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith 14 ,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheiden
6、titiesoftheinfrastructure 15 whichthetransactionruns”.Still,theadministration’splanhas 16 privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach。othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould 17 beacompulsoryInternet“drive’slicense”mentality.Theplanhasalsobeengree
7、tedwith 18 bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet 19 .TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe 20 toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads. 16/16
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