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1、SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—Comprehending阅读理解AAustralianEnglishbeganseparatingfromBritishEnglishshortlyafterthefoundationoftheAustralianpenalcolony(罪犯流放地)ofNewSouthWalesin1788.Britishconvictssentthere,includingcockneys(伦敦东区的人)fromLondon,camemostlyfromlar
2、geEnglishcities.Theywerejoinedbyfreesettlers,militarypersonnelandofficials,oftenwiththeirfamilies.However,manyoftheconvictswereIrish,withatleast25%directlyfromIreland,andothersindirectlyviaBritain.TherewereotherpopulationsofconvictsfromnonEnglishspeakingareasofBritain
3、,suchastheWelshandScots.ThetransportationofconvictstoAustraliaendedin1868,butimmigrationoffreesettlersfromBritain,Irelandandelsewherecontinued.TheearliestformofAustralianEnglishwasfirstspokenbythechildrenofthecolonistsbornintothecolonyofNewSouthWales.Thisveryfirstgene
4、rationofchildrencreatedanewdialectthatwastobecomethelanguageofthenation.TheAustralianbornchildreninthenewcolonywereexposedtoawiderangeofdifferentdialectsfromallovertheBritishIsles,inparticularfromIrelandandthesoutheasternpartofEngland.Thenativebornchildrenofthecolonyc
5、reatedthenewdialectfromfactorspresentinthespeechtheyheardaroundthem,andprovidedawayfortheexpressionofpeersolidarity(一致).Evenwhennewsettlersarrived,thisnewdialectwasstrongenoughtoturnawayfromtheinfluenceofotherpatternsofspeech.Recordsfromtheearly19thcenturyindicatedthe
6、distinctivedialecthadappearedinthecolonysincethefirstsettlement.In1827PeterCunningham,inhisbookTwoYearsinNewSouthWales,describedthatthenativeborncolonistsspokewithadistinctiveaccentandvocabulary,withastrongLondoninfluence.AnthonyBurgesswrotethat“AustralianEnglishmaybe
7、thoughtofasakindoffossilised(僵化的)cockney(伦敦腔)oftheDickensianera”．8【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍澳大利亚英语的形成过程。1．Whodidn’tgotoAustraliawiththeconvicts?A．Miners.B．Soldiers.C．Officials.D．Freesettlers.A 解析：细节理解题。从文章第一段可知，随着囚犯到澳大利亚去的人中没有矿工。2．WhocreatedtheearliestformofAustralianEnglish?
8、A．ConvictssenttoAustralia.B．FreesettlersintoAustralia.C．Thenativebornchildrenofthecolony.D．PeoplefromIrelandandthesoutheaste
