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1、不定式的用法一、动词不定式(一)定义:动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词它的形式是“to十动词原形”,但to有时也可以省略。现在就让我们一起来看一下动词不定式的形式和用法我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构作宾语或宾补的动词主要有:want,learn,try,decide,forget,remember,like,love,stop等。如:Iwanttoseeafilm我想去看电影Theydecidedtotake;alongvacationinParis.他们决定去巴黎度长假动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即nottodosth.。如:Jimtoldmenott
2、owakenpKate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特【练习一】选择()1.“Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?”“I’dlike myparents.”A.tovisitB.visitC.visitingD.visited()2.—What’syourplanforthesummerholidays?—I’venoidea,butI’vedecided athome.A.stayB.tostayC.stayedD.staying()3.Lastweekourgeographyteachertoldus moreinformationabouthowt
3、oprotecttheenvironment.A.getB.gotC.togetD.getting()4.Ourheadmasteraskedus areportonhowtoprotectwildanimals.A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.wrote()5.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?—Itmakesme veryproud.A.feltB.tofeelC.feelingD.feel()6.---Pleasetelltheboys--_______anynoise.Mybabyiss
4、leeping.---OK.I'lldoitatonce.A.notmakeB.tomakeC.nottomake(二)用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时(有时在不定式的前面还会用forsb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如:1、把不定式置于句首。如:Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.2、用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用
5、于下列句式中。如:①It+be+名词+todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②Ittakessb+sometime+todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?③It+be+形容词+forsb+todo逻辑主语Itisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositionaquarterofanhour.④It+be+形容词+ofsb+todo“Itisstupidofyoutowritedowneverything”,theteachersays.注意:(1)当上面的形容词
6、指的是todosth的性质时,用介词for。 It’sdangerousforchildrentoswimintheriver.孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。(游泳这件事情危险)(2)当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时,用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人:good,bad,polite,unkind,kind,nice,clever,right,wrong,careful,careless Itwascarelessofyoutodothat.你这么做真粗心。(你这个人粗心)⑤Itseems(appears)+形容词+todoItseemedimpossibletosavemone
7、y.3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语Howtosolvetheproblemishardforhim.【练习二】动词不定式作主语()1.It'sourduty_________theroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans()2.It'shardforus_________Englishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning()3.It'sverynice_________youtogetmetwoti