Acids & Alkalis - Chemistry Resources for IB, AP, Alevel ：酸&；碱化学资源的IB，AP，普通教育.ppt

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1、Equilibrium&TheHaberProcessGCSEREVISION1.WhatdoesReversibleReactionmean?Areactionthatcanproceedinbothdirections2.a.WhatdoestheHaberProcessmake?b.GiveoneuseofthisproductAmmoniaTomakefertilisers3.ThereareThreeRawMaterialsfortheHaberProcess.Whatarethey?Nitrogeniseasilyobt

2、ainedfromairbyfractionaldistillationHydrogenisobtainedfrommethanereactedwithsteam.methane+ steam  carbondioxide+hydrogen.CH4(g)  + 2H2O(g)         CO2(g)    +  4H2(g)Therawmaterialsarethereforeair-fornitrogen,methaneandwater-forhydrogen.4.Writetheword/balancedchemical

3、equationfortheHaberProcess.nitrogen +  hydrogen      ammonia  (+heat)N2(g)    +   3H2(g)           2NH3(g)   (+heat)5.InaReversibleReaction,howcanthe YieldbeChanged?Changetheconditions(useoftemperature,pressureandcatalyst).Thisisausefulsummaryforanyreversiblereactionin

4、cludingtheHaberProcess.1.Increasingthetemperaturefavourstheendothermicreaction.2.Increasingthepressurefavoursthesmallervolume.3.Usingacatalystgivestheequilibriumconditionsmorequickly.6.WhyistheHaberProcessrunat450°Cinsteadofroomtemperature?Toincreaserateofreaction7.Whyi

5、stheHaberProcessrunatHighPressure?Givetworeasons.Increasingthepressure(fromLeChatelier'sPrinciple)makestheequilibriummixturehavemoreammonia.Increasedpressurealsoincreasesthereactionrate.8.WhyistheHaberProcessnotrunatVeryHighPressure?Tooexpensive9.WhichSubstanceisusedasa

6、CatalystintheHaberProcess?IroncatalystThefollowingquestionsareHigherTieronly10.UseLeChatelier'sPrincipletoexplainwhathappensasaProductisremovedIfyouremoveaproduct,theequilibriummixturechangestomakemoreproduct.Ittriestogetbacktothecompositionithadbeforetheproductwasremo

7、ved.Youcancarryonremovingproductuntilallthereactantshaveturnedintoproduct11.UseLeChatelier'sPrincipletoexplainwhathappensasHeatisRemoved.Heatmaybetreatedasareactant(foranendothermicreaction)orasaproduct(foranexothermicreaction).Ifyouremoveheatfromanexothermicreactiont

8、heequilibriumwillchangetoproducemoreproduct.Ifyouaddheattoanexothermicreaction(raiseitstemperature),thereverse