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1、连词与状语从句一并列连词常用的并列连词:表并列关系:and,neither...nor....,either...or...,aswellas,notonly...butalso...表转折关系:but,yet,however,still,while表选择关系:either...or...,neither...nor...,or,otherwise表因果关系:for,therefore,so就近原则(a)therebe+句型;or;either…or;nor;neither…nor;whether…or;not…but;notonly…butalso"①Whathedoesorwhathe
2、saysdoesnotconcernme.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。②NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错。③Notyoubutyourfatheristoblame.不是你,而是你父亲该受责备。④Notonlyyoubut(also)heiswrong.不仅你错了,他也错了。(b)在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.①Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhandsandtheshoutsofthepeople.在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。②Thereis(are)apenandsomebooksonthede
3、sk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。二从属连词1.When,while,as区别①when是atorduringthetimethat,既指时间点,也可指一段时间,while是duringthetimethat,只指一段时间,因此when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。①Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyou‘vegotsuchagoodonealready?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?②Sorry,Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚
4、好外出了。③Strikewhiletheironishot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁。④Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened.(listen为延续性动词)学生们边听课边做笔记。二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用when。Whenhehadfinishedhishomework,hetookashortrest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作
5、为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。When/While/Asweweredancing,astrangercamein.(dance为延续性动词)3.当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用as。这时,as常表示“随着……”;“一边……,一边……”之意。Asthetimewenton,theweathergotworse。4.在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时。YoushallborrowthebookwhenIhavefinishedreadingit.when,as,whilewhenWheny
6、ouseehim,pleasesayhellotohimWewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Wehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenthebellrang.HowcanIgetajobwhenIcan‘tevenreadorwrite?HowcanIhelpthemtounderstandwhentheywon'tlistentome?WhileWhileshewaslisteningtotheradio,shefellasleep.Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem.Whilethe
7、reisawill,thereisaway.Somepeoplewastefood,whileothershaven'tenough.Ioughttohavehelpedher,butInevercould.AsYouwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.Asrainhasfallen,theairiscooler.Strangeasitmayseem,nobodywasinjuredint