中级英语视听说教程学生用书(第二版)下

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AbrahamLincolnPartAPreviewReading1.TextEmancipationProclamationmerica’sCivilWarofthe1860sbeganasastruggleoveraAstate’srighttoleavetheUnion.PresidentAbrahamLincolnfirmlybelievedthatastatedidnothavethatright.Andhedeclaredwaronthesouthernstatesthatdidleave.Lincolnhadoneandonlyonereaso

2、ntofight:tosavetheUnion.Intime,however,therewasanotherreasontofight:tofreetheNegroslaves.Lincolnhadtriedtokeeptheissueofslaveryoutofthewar.Hefeareditwouldweakenthenorthernwareffort.ManymenthroughoutthenorthwouldfighttosavetheUnion.Theywouldnotfighttofreetheslaves.Lincolnalsoneededthesupp

3、ortofthefourslavestatesthathadnotlefttheUnion:Delaware,Kentucky,Maryland,andMissouri.Hecouldnotbesureoftheirsupportifhedeclaredthatthepurposeofthewarwastofreetheslaves.Lincolnwasabletofollowthispolicy,atfirst.ButthewartosavetheUnionwasgoingbadly.ThenorthhadnotwonadecisivevictoryinVirgini

4、a,theheartofthe

Confederacy.Toguaranteecontinuedsupportforthewar,Lincolnwasforcedtorecognizethattheissueofslaverywas,infact,amajorissue.AndonSeptember22,1862,heannouncedanewpolicyonslaveryintherebelsouthernstates.HisannouncementbecameknownastheEmancipationProclamation.Am

5、ericannewspapersprintedtheproclamation.Forpoliticalreasons,theproclamationdidnotfreeslavesinthestatesthatsupportedtheUnion.NordiditfreeslavesintheareasaroundNorfolk,Virginia,andNewOrleans,Louisiana.Mostanti-slaveryleaderspraisedtheEmancipationProclamation.Theyhadwaitedalongtimeforsuchado

6、cument.Butsomedidnotlikeit.Theysaiditdidnotgofarenough.ItdidnotfreealloftheslavesintheUnitedStates...onlythoseheldbytherebels.LincolnansweredthattheEmancipationProclamationwasamilitarymeasure.HesaidhemadeitunderhiswartimepowersasCommander-in-Chief.Assuch,itwaslegalonlyinenemyterritory.Li

7、ncolnagreedthatallslavesshouldbefreed.Itwashispersonalopinion.ButhedidnotbelievethattheConstitutiongavehimthepowertofreealltheslaves.Hehopedthatcouldbedoneslowly,duringpeacetime.Lincoln’snewpolicyonslaverywaswelcomedwarmlybythepeopleofEurope.ItwonspecialpraiseinBritain.Th