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1、大学英语三级张聪霞第一章动词的时态和语态时间:过去(Past)、现在(Present)、将来(Future)时间面(一般时态)doV时间点(进行时态)be+VVing时间段(完成时态)haveVed这样构成9种时态,再加上下列3种,总共12种时态现在完成进行时态havebeendoing过去完成进行时态hadbeendoing将来完成进行时态willhavebeendoing一般现在时(SimplePresent)(现在、时间面)表示经常、习惯性动作或状态。常与always,often,usually,sometimes,everyday等连用。Hegoestoschooleveryday.
2、SheisourEnglishteacher.表示永恒的状态或客观真理Knowledgeispower.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.一般现在时(SimplePresent)(现在、时间面)表示已经预先计划或安排的将要发生的动作。arrive,come,go,start,begin,leave,return。句中常有表示将来的时间状语Thetrainstartsat9o’clockinthemorning.Theplanetakesoffatfive.Weleaveatninetomorrow.不
3、是经常发生的动作或状态。Herecomesthebus.Hereweare.一般现在时(SimplePresent)(现在、时间面)在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中,表示将来的动作。Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotocountryside.(=willbe)Whentheharvesttimecomes,pleasecomeandhelpgetinthecrops.We’llstartassoonasyouareready.NexttimeI’lldoashesays.一般过去时(SimplePast)表示过去发生的动作或状态。Isawhimyesterday.Sh
4、eboughtthebiketwoyearsago.WhenIstudiedintheuniversity,Ireadaloudeverymorning.Sheusedtocarryanumbrella.(“过去常常”)一般将来时(SimpleFuture)形式:第一人称---shalldo第二人称--willdo美语中,一律用willdo用法:表示将来发生的动作、状态。Hewillcomeandhelpyou.Iwill(shall)readaloudeveryday.一般将来时(SimpleFuture)begoingtodo:表示打算或将要干……,马上就要发生的事。It’sgoingt
5、orain.Wearegoingtoseehimthisafternoon.Thereisgoingtobeameetingherethisevening.beabouttodo:即将发生的事Thelectureisabouttobegin.一般将来时(SimpleFuture)betodo:&1表示安排、计划好的动作Wearetoputupanewschoolbytheriver.Whenisthefactorytogointoproduction?&2表示要求、命令某人做某事YouaretostayhereuntilIcomeback.Youarenottobringanybooksto
6、theexam-room.beonthepointofdoing:Johnwasonthepointofleavingwhenthetelegramarrived.现在进行时(presentProgressive)bedoing此时此刻正在进行的动作Theteacheristalkingwithhisstudents.现阶段正在进行,但此刻并不一定进行。Wearedoinganexperimentthisweek.I’mattendingaconferenceinBeijing.有时表示将来的动作。go,come,start,leaveWe’releavingforShanghaitomor
7、row.过去进行时(PastProgressive)过去某时刻正在进行的动作Iwaswritingapaperinthelibraryyesterday.一个过去动作发生时,另一个正在进行Iwasgoingoverthestudents’paperswhenhecamein.两个过去动作同时进行TheywereplayingbasketballwhileIwasplayingtennis.现在完成时(Pres