2013高考英语二轮语法复习之被动语态

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1、2013高考英语二轮语法复习之被动语态被动语态passivevoice一.定义语态是英语动词的一种形式,用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态:被动语态和主动语态。主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。主动语态Werespectourteachers.Ourteachersarerespectedbyus.被动语态二.被动语态的谓语结构形式:be+doneask–beaskedcook–becookedmake–bemadegive---begiven英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词

2、构成的，统称为“短语动词”。有些短语动词在意义上相当于一个及物动词，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。bringup教育;抚养bebroughtupcalloff取消becalledoffgiveup放弃begivenupleaveout省略beleftoutlookinto调查belookedintomakeup编造bemadeupputoff推迟beputoffturndown拒绝beturneddown三.主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系（1）Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty.主语(执行者)谓语宾语(承受者)

3、→Iwasinvited(bymyaunt)toherdinnerparty.主语(承受者)谓语宾语(执行者)（2）Theschoolsetupaspecialclasstohelppoorreaders.→Aspecialclasstohelppoorreaderswassetupbyintheschool.变化规则和顺序变化规则和顺序::1.1.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的bebe++过去分词过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。，时态要与原句保持一致。2.2.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。把主动语态的宾语变成

4、被动语态的主语。3.3.把主动语态的主语变为介词把主动语态的主语变为介词byby的宾的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，byby短语可以省略。短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用词，在被动语态中用in+in+地点名词作状地点名词作状语。语。转换口诀：主by（败）后,宾为主Exercise:1.Laborcreatedman.Manbylabor.wascreated2.Hisspeechmovedusdeeply.Webyhisspeech.weredeeplymoved3.Ou

5、rfactorymadethecomputer.Thecomputerinourfactorywasmade.Thissong____________(sing)byusonissungissungMondays.结构结构:bedone:bedonesingsangsungsingsangsung唱唱Thefamouspoem____________(write)waswrittenwaswrittenbyXuZhimo.结构结构:bedone:bedonewritewrotewrittenwritewrotewritten写写They_____

6、______(send)tohospitalwillbesentsendtorightnowrightnow.结构:willbedonesendsend––sentsent––sentsent送送alecturegivesoonAlecture___________(give)soon.willbegiven结构:willbedonegivegive––gavegave––givengiven给给结构:bebeingdoneTheearth__________(dig)nowisbeingdug.digdig––dugdug––dugdug掘（土

7、）dig掘（土）earth土Aparty__________(hold)nowisbeingheld.结构:bebeingdoneholdhold––heldheld––heldheld举行举行MissHutoldmethatthecat________________(wash)whenIwasbeingwashedcalledher.结构:bebeingdoneMostoftheapple_____________(eat)Mostoftheapple_____________(eat)hasbeeneatenhasbeeneaten结构结构

8、:hasbeendone:hasbeendoneupbythemouse.upbythemouse.eateat––ateate––ea