History and Methods of PostKeynesianHistory and Methods of PostKeynesian后凯恩斯主义地历史与方法 宏观经济学.pdf

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1、HistoryandMethodsofPost-KeynesianMacroeconomicsMarcLavoieUniversityofOttawaOutline•1A.Wesetpost-Keynesianeconomicswithinasetofmultipleheterodoxschoolsofthought,inoppositiontomainstreamschools.•1B.Weidentifythemainfeatures(presuppositions)ofheterodoxy,contrastingthemtothoseofo

2、rthodoxy.•2.Wegooverabriefhistoryofpost-Keynesianeconomics,inparticularitsfoundinginstitutionalmoments.•3.Weidentifytheadditionalfeaturesthatcharacterizepost-Keynesianeconomicsrelativetoclosely-relatedheterodoxschools.•4.Wedelineatethevariousstreamsofpost-Keynesianeconomics:F

3、undamentalism,Kaleckian,Kaldorian,Sraffian,Institutionalist.•5.Wediscusstheevolutionofpost-Keynesianeconomics,andsomeofitsimportantworksoverthelast40years.•6.Wementionsomeofthedebatesthathaverockedpost-Keynesianeconomics.PARTIHeterodoxschoolsHeterodoxvsOrthodoxeconomics•NON-O

4、RTHODOX•ORTHODOXPARADIGMPARADIGM•DOMINANTPARADIGM•HETERODOXPARADIGM•THEMAINSTREAM•POST-CLASSICALPARADIGM•NEOCLASSICALECONOMICS•RADICALPOLITICALECONOMY•REVIVALOFPOLITICALECONOMYMacro-economicsHeterodoxNeoclassicalauthorsKEYNESschoolCambridgeOldMarxistsMonetaristsKeynesiansKeyn

5、esiansRadicalsFrenchPost-NewNewRegulationKeynesiansKeynesiansClassicalsSchoolOrthodoxvsHeterodoxeconomics•Post-Keynesianeconomicsisoneofmanydifferentheterodoxschoolsofeconomics.•Heterodoxeconomistsaredissentersineconomics.•Dissentisabroaderconceptthanheterodoxy.•Onecandisting

6、uishbetweenorthodoxdissentersandheterodoxdissenters.•Orthodoxdissentersmaybecomeheterodoxdissenters;ororthodoxdissentersmaybecomemainstream;ortheymayremainorthodoxdissenters.•Heterodoxdissentersareunlikelytobecomemainstream.Theirpositioninthepeckingorderwillalwaysbeprecarious

7、.Examplesoforthodoxdissenters•MiltonFriedmaninthe1950s(becamemainstreaminthelate1960s)•TheNewConsensusview(hasbecomemainstreamincentralbanks)•Bénassy/Malinvaud(disequilibriumKeynesianism)inthe1970s•H.A.Simon,Coase,Akerlof,Stiglitz•NewInstitutionalism•Post-Walrasianeconomics(à

8、laColander),multi-agentmodelling,behaviouraleconomics,experimentalec