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1、第53卷第7期机械工程学报Vol.53No.72017年4月JOURNALOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGApr.2017DOI:10.3901/JME.2017.07.207氮化硅陶瓷水下激光与超声复合加工方法及其机*理研究11111,2姚燕生袁珠珠王园园陈雪辉袁根福(1.安徽建筑大学机械与电气工程学院合肥230022;2.江南大学机械工程学院无锡214122)摘要:陶瓷材料具有强度高、硬度大、耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐磨损等优点,但同时也具有难加工的缺点。研究水下激光去除材料的热学模型与氮化硅水解反应,建立水流辅
2、助超声与激光复合加工试验装置,分别开展不同条件、不同参数下对氮化硅的刻槽加工试验,并采用影像仪和电子显微镜对刻槽深度与表面质量观测比较,应用能谱仪检测生成物成分,综合分析加工机理。研究结果表明在有水辅助激光加工氮化硅过程中,因水的冷却作用减少了激光去除材料的有效能量,刻蚀深度随之变小,但激光作用区的温升加剧氮化硅水解,同时水流带走二氧化硅等生成物,促使加工表面质量明显提高;在水下激光与超声复合加工中,超声振动加大了氮化硅表面水的对流与物质的抛出,提高了刻蚀速率。关键词:氮化硅;水辅助;激光与超声复合加工;机理中图分类号:T
3、G4ResearchonUltrasonic-laserMachiningUnderwaterandItsMechanismforSiliconNitrideCeramics11111,2YAOYanshengYUANZhuzhuWANGYuanyuanCHENXuehuiYUANGenfu(1.SchoolofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering,AnhuiJianzhuUniversity,Hefei230022;2.SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,Jiann
4、anUniversity,Wuxi214122)Abstract:Ceramicmaterialhastheadvantagesofhighstrength,highhardness,hightemperatureresistance,corrosionresistance,wearresistanceandsoon,butalsohasthedisadvantageofdifficultprocessing.Thethermalmodeloftheunderwaterlasermaterialremovalandtheh
5、ydrolysisreactionofsiliconnitridearestudied.Laseretchingexperimentsonsiliconnitrideunderdifferentconditionsanddifferentparametersareappliedbythecombineddeviceofwaterassistedultrasonic-lasermachining.Thedepthandsurfacequalityofgroovesetchedareinvestigatedbytheimage
6、instrumentandtheelectronmicroscope,andthecompositionoftheproductisdetectedbythespectrometerinordertodiscoverthemechanismoflasercombinedprocessing.Resultsshowthatintheprocessofwaterareassistedlasermachiningofsiliconnitride,duetothecoolingeffectofwaterreducestheeffe
7、ctiveenergyofmaterialremoval,andetchingdepthbecomessmall.However,surfacequalityisgreatlyimprovedwithwater,becausethezoneofactionoflasertemperatureincreasedhydrolysisofsiliconnitrideandthewaterjetflowawaysilicaproduct.Intheapproachofwaterisassistedbyultrasonic-lase
8、rmachining,ultrasonicvibrationincreaseswaterconvectionandparticlemotionnearthematerialsurface,thencorrosionrateisimproved.Keywords:siliconnitride;watera