软骨和骨--组织学和胚胎学.ppt

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1、CartilageandBone1.Cartilage:organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1)structureofcartilagetissue---cell:chondrocyte---cartilagematrix①chondrocyte:---Structure:LMembeddedincartilagelacunaperipheralcells:--smallandimmature--singleandflattenedcentralcell:--la

2、rgeandmature,--roundandingroupof2-8cells--smallandroundnucleus--basophiliccytoplasm--EM:richinRERandGolgicomplex*isogenousgroup:severalcellslocatesinonelacuna,whicharederivedfromasingle(same)parentcell②Cartilagematrix---groundsubstance:proteoglycan:--

3、sametolooseCT--therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna---calledascartilagecapsule(basophilic)water---fiber:typeandnumberoffiberdependsonthetypeofcartilage2)Classification:accordingtothefiberHyalinecartilage:lesscollage

4、nousfibrilarticularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchiFibrouscartilage:largeamountofcollagenousfiberbundlescellsaresmallandlessintervertebraldisc,symphysispubisElasticcartilage:largeamountofelasticfiberexternalear,epiglottis3)perichondriumtwolayers

5、:---outlayer:containmorefiber-protection---innerlayer:morecells-osteoprogenitorcell(fusiforminshape)4)growthofcartilage---interstitialgrowth:innerchondrocyteproliferation→producefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage---appositionalgrowth:osteoprogenitorcell

6、→chondroblast→chondrocyte→producefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage2.Bone---consistsofbonetissue,periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow1)Bonetissue①Cells:a.osteoprogenitorcell:stemcell---structure:fusiform,smallovoidnucleusslightbasophiliccytoplasmex

7、istinperiosteumandendosteum---function:differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocyteb.osteoblast:---structure:LM:singlelayerofcuboidalorlowcolumnarcellroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmlocatedonthesurfaceofbonetissueEM:fineprocessesrichinRER,Golgicomplex---

8、function:ⅰ.synthesizebonecollagenfiberandgroundsubstance-osteoidⅱ.releasematrixvesicle:0.1umindiametermembrane-coatedfunction:promotecalcificationc.osteocyte---structure:flattenedcellwithmultiplelongthinprocesseslocatedinbonelacunaandbonecanal