金属矿山开采过程上覆岩层应力与变形特征.pdf

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1、第34卷第4期矿冶工程Vo1．34Nv42014年08月MIN1NGANDMETALLURGICALENGINEERINGAugust2014金属矿山开采过程上覆岩层应力与变形特征①赵康，赵奎(1．江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院，江西赣州341000；2．江西理工大学工程研究院，江西赣州341000)摘要：采用数值分析方法，研究了动态开采过程中金属矿山采空区覆岩在拉应力、垂直应力作用下的位移及变形破坏特征。研究发现拉应力对覆岩造成的破坏较其它应力显著，是覆岩垮落的主导因素。分析覆岩内部垂直应力发现：开采初期覆岩内部压应力显著

2、，随着开采进行，在采空区的正上方，压应力逐渐向拉应力过渡；垂直应力呈“凹”形分布在采空区两端部，其形状和应力值随采空区的增大而增大。随着工作面的推进，覆岩下沉范围和下沉量均逐渐增大；下沉曲线的最大下沉点，向工作面推进方向逐渐移动；下沉曲线的光滑程度体现了监测点在覆岩所属区域是弹性区、塑性区还是垮落区。研究结果可为矿山围岩支护提供一定参考依据。关键词：开采过程；上覆岩层；变形特征；拉应力；垂直应力；位移中图分类号：TD324文献标识码：Adoi：10．3969／j．issn．0253—6099．2014．04．002文章编号：

3、0253—6099(2014)04—0006—05StressandDeformati0nCharacteristicsofOverburdeninMiningofMetalMineZHAOKang，ZHAOKui(1．SchoolofArchitecturalandSurveying&MappingEngineering，JiangxiUniversityofScienceandTechnology．Ganzhou341000，Jiangxi，China；2．EngineeringResearchInstitute，Jia

4、ngxiUniversityofScienceandTechnology，Ganzhou341000，Jiangxi，China)Abstract：Displacementanddeformationcharacteristicsofoverburdenovergobundertheforceoftensionandverticalstressduringactiveminingofmetalminewasstudiedbyusingnumericalsimulationmethod．Itwasfoundthattheten

5、sionisthedominantfactorfortheoverburdencollapse，bringingmorenotabledamagetoitthanotherstresses．Theanalysisofverticalstressinsidetheoverburdenshowedthattheinternalcompressivestresswasremarkableattheearlystageofexplorationandthecompressivestressofoverburdenrightoverg

6、obareawouldbegraduallytransformingintotensionasexplorationgoingfurther，whiletheverticalstressdistributedatbothsidesofthegobarea，justlikeaconcavecurve，whichincreasedintermsofshapesizeandstressvaluewithgobexpanding．Asworkingfaceadvancing，themagnitudeandextentoftheove

7、rburdensubsidencegraduallyenlarged．Itcanbeseenthatthemaximumsubsidencepointinthesubsidencecurveisgraduallymovingtowardstheworkingfaceadvancementdirection．Besides，thesmoothcurveofsubsidencereflectsthatthemonitoringpointsintheoverburdenareallwithintherangeofelasticzo

8、ne，plasticzoneorcavingzone．Thoseresearchresultscanbetakenasreferenceforthesupportingofsurroundingrockinmetalmine．Keywords：miningprocess；overburde