设施和露天栽培下有机菜地土壤氮素矿化和硝化作用的比较研究.pdf

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1、农业环境科学学报2010，29(12)：2436—2442JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience设施和露天栽培下有机菜地土壤氮素矿化和硝化作用的比较研究过燕琴，高志亮，张令，秦艳梅，刘树伟，邹建文(南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院。南京210095)摘要：矿化作用和硝化作用是土壤氮素转化的主要途径，通过室内培养试验，对设施和露天栽培方式下有机菜地土壤氮素的矿化与硝化作用进行了比较研究。结果表明．除培养第ld外，设施有机菜地土壤氮素矿化昔，矿化率在整个培养期间都显著高于露天有机菜地土

2、壤；设施有机菜地土壤硝化量、硝化率在培养前两周内高于露天有机菜地土壤；设施有机菜地土壤矿化与硝化作用总体比露天有机菜地土壤强烈。矿化作用可能与全氮、C／N、微牛物活性关系密切，而硝化作用强弱可能与微生物活性有关。无论施肥与否，设施有机菜地土壤N20排放速率在培养期间总体高于露天有机菜地土壤，前者N20累积排放量显著高于后者，这可能与土壤a，N有关。关键词：有机菜地土壤；设施栽培；氮素；矿化作用；硝化作用；N20排放中图分类号：X131．3文献标志码：A文章编号：1672—2043(2010)12—2436

3、-07NitrogenMineralizationandNitrificationinOrganicVegetableSoilsUnderGreenhouseandOpen-airCulti-vationSystemsGUOYan-qin，GAOZhi-liang，ZHANGLing，QINYan-mei，UUShu—wei，ZOUJian—wen(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences，NanjingAgriculturalUniversity，Nanjin

4、g210095，China)Abstract：OrganicagriculturehasbeendevelopingrapidlyinChinainrecentyears．OrganicvegetablesaregeneraHygrownundergreen—houseandopen-aircultivationsystems．Thesetwocultivationsystemsmaydifferinsoilnitrogentransformationprocessessuch8．9mineraliza—

5、tionandnitrification．However,thescientificliteratureregardingthenitrogenmineralizationandnitrificationinorganicvegetablesoilsundergreenhouseVelI'gUSopen-aircultivationsystemsisrare．Alaboratorysoilincubationexperimentwasconductedtocomparenitrogenmineral—iz

6、ationandnitrificationinorganicvegetablesoilsundergreenhouseandopen-aircultivationsystems．Theamountofmineralizednitrogenandtheratioofmineralizednitrogentototalnitrogeningreenhouseorganicvegetablesoilsweresignificantlygreaterthanthoseinopen——airculti·。vatio

7、nsoilsoverthe28-dayincubationperiod，exceptforthefirstday．Also，theamountofnitrifiednitrogenandtheratioofnitrifiednitrogentomineralizednitrogenweregreateringreenhouseorganicvegetablesoilsthaninopen-aircultivationsoilsduringthefirsttwoweeksoftheincubation．Ov

8、erall，themineralizationandnitrificationweremoreintensiveingreenhousecultivatedorganicsoilsthaninopen-aircultivatedsoils．Greaternitrogenmineralizationingreenhousecultivatedorganicsoilsmightberelatedtototalnitrogen，C／