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ID:52220937
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时间:2020-03-25
《猪粪施用对成都平原稻季氨挥发特征的影响.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、2015,34(11):2236-2244农业环境科学学报2015年11月————————————————————————————————————————————●Journalofagro-EnvironmentScience●h—————————————————————————————————————————一猪粪施用对成都平原稻季氨挥发特征的影响李喜喜,杨娟+,王昌全,白根川,游来勇,易云亮,黄帆,李博,曾鹏宇(四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130)摘要:采用通气法开展田间小区原位监测试验,分别设置对照、常规化肥、猪粪和化肥配施、单施猪
2、粪等7个处理,探讨不同比例猪粪施用对稻田氨挥发特征及环境、效益的影响。结果表明,氨挥发通量在施肥后的第2d达到峰值,然后迅速下降,氨挥发主要集中在施肥后的1周左右。在整个监测期间,氨挥发平均通量为2.87~5.89kg·hm-2·d~,氨挥发累积量为43.72~87.38kg·hm-2,占氮肥施用量的24.27%一29.17%;猪粪和化肥配施处理较常规施肥处理能降低氨挥发累积量4.21%~16.74%,猪粪和化肥配施也有效降低了田面水铵态氮和硝态氮浓度,单施过量猪粪则促进了氨挥发;氨挥发通量与田面水铵态氮浓度呈明显线性正相关。猪粪和化肥配施处理
3、较常规施肥处理稻谷增产196—779kg·hm。2,同时猪粪的施用也降低了稻田肥料投入成本,有效提高了农民纯收入。综合环境及经济效益,化JE+猪粪50%处理的猪粪投入量最佳,稻田猪粪消纳量为13264.54kg·hm’2,生猪承载量为20.19头·hmt。关键词:水稻;氨挥发;猪粪;铵态氮中图分类号:X713文献标志码:A文章编号:1672—2043(2015)11-2236—09doi:10.11654,jaes.2015.11.028EffectsofPigManureApplicationsonAmmoniaVolatilizationi
4、nSoilDuringRiceSeasoninChengduPlainUXi—xi,YANGJuan‘,WANGChang-quan,BAIGen-chuan,YOULai-yong,YIYun—liang,HUANGFan,LIBo,ZENGPeng—yu(CollegeofResources,SichuanAgriculturalUniversity,Chengdu6130,China)Abstract:Afiledplotexperimentwasconductedtoexaminetheammoniavolatilizationinpa
5、ddyfieldsuppliedwithpigmanureduringriceseason.Ammoniavolatilizationmainlyoccurredwithinoneweekorsoafterfertilization.Thefluxesofammoniavolatilizationpeakedontheseconddayafterfertilization,andthendecreasedrapidly.Duringthemonitoringperiod,theaveragefluxofammoniavolatilization
6、was2.87~5.89kg·hm。2·d~,andthecumulativeamountofammoniavolatilizationwas43.72—87.38kg·hm一2,accountingfor24.27%~29.17%oftotalamountofnitrogenfertilizer.Comparedwiththeconventionalfertilization,applicationsofpigmanurewithconventionalfertilizersreducedcumulativeamountofammoniavo
7、latilizationby4.21%-16.74%,whereasapplyingpigmanurealonewouldpromoteammoniavolatilization.Thecombinedapplicationsofpigmanureandchemicalfertilizerreducedammoniumnitrogenandnitrateinthewater.Thefluxofammoniavolatilizationshowedasignificantlinearpositivecorrelationwithammoniumn
8、itrogenconcentrationinthesurfacewater.IntIletreatmentswithcombinedpigmanure
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