2013年最新各省市高考真题分类汇编.doc

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1、2013年各省市高考真题分类汇编（15套待续）目录1.走近细胞及细胞的物质组成·······································22.细胞的结构····························································43.物质的输入和输出···················································74.酶与ATP············································

2、····················75.呼吸作用和光合作用················································96.细胞的生命历程······················································237.遗传规律·······························································278.遗传的细胞基础··································

3、····················329.伴性遗传和人类遗传病·············································3410.遗传的分子基础······················································4011.生物的变异、育种与进化··········································4412.人体的内环境与稳态···········································

4、·····5413.人和动物生命活动的调节··········································5514.植物的激素调节······················································6815.种群和群落····························································7316.生态系统与环境保护···············································

5、·8117.生物技术实践·························································8618.现代生物科技·························································9219.实验·····································································901、走近细胞及细胞的物质组成（2013江苏卷）1.下列关于生物体内有机物的叙述正确的是A.

6、脂质不参与生命活动的调节B.蛋白质是生物体主要的能源物质C.核酸是生物体储存遗传信息的物质D.糖类不参与细胞识别和免疫调节【答案】C【解析】有的脂质参与生命活动的调节，如性激素（属于固醇类）参与激素调节，A错误；生物体主要的能源物质是糖类，B错误；核酸是生物体储存遗传信息的物质，DNA是主要的遗传物质，C正确；细胞识别主要与细胞表面的糖蛋白有关，糖蛋白是由多糖和蛋白质结合形成，D错误。【试题评价】该题对生物体内的有机物的基础知识，及与生命活动的关系进行考查，涉及面较宽，但难度不大，旨在考查学生的识记与理解能力。（2

7、013大纲卷）3.关于HIV的叙述，正确的是A.HIV在活细胞外能大量增殖B.HIV仅含有核糖体这一种细胞器C.HIV主要攻击B细胞，使人体无法产生抗体D.艾滋病患者的血液中可以检出HIV这种病毒【答案】D【解析】HIV是病毒，必须依赖活细胞才能大量繁殖，A错误；HIV不含有核糖体，B错误；HIV主要攻击T细胞，C错误；HIV通过体液传播，所以在患者的血液中能够检出HIV，D正确。【试题点评】本题综合了病毒、细胞器和免疫调节相关知识，考查学生的知识综合运用能力。难度适中。（2013重庆卷）1．下列有关细胞物质组成的

8、叙述，正确的是A．在人体活细胞中氢原子的数目最多B．DNA和RNA分子的碱基组成相同C．多糖在细胞中不与其他分子相结合D．蛋白质区别于脂质的特有元素是氮【答案】A【解析】人体活细胞中水含量最多，因而H原子也最多，A项正确；DNA碱基种类有A、T、C、G，RNA碱基种类有A、U、C、G，B项错误；多糖在细胞表面可与蛋白质分子结合形成糖蛋白，C项错误；脂质中的固