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1、LanguageStudyLet’sThink:What’sthefunction（作用）ofthepartinblueinthestory?Tomoversleptandwaslateforclassthismorning.Histeacher,Mr.Green,askedhimwhy.Tomwasnervousandanswered,“I…Ihavenoideawhentheclassstarts.”“Myboy,youknow,thefactthatyouarelateisnotaproblem.Theproblemisyouarenotbei
2、nghonest!”saidMr.Green.Tomblushed（脸红）andhanghishead.ThenMr.Greenmadehimasuggestion,thatis,tousetwoorthreealarmclockstowakehimselfup.同位语(Appositive)定义：一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词（或起类似作用的其他形式），进一步说明它指的是谁，是什么等，那么这个部分就叫做同位语。一、单词作同位语WeChinesearebraveandhardworking.Youthreetaketheseseats.Webo
3、thcomefromHunan.HehimselftoldmethathisbrotherJohnisaworld-famousdoctor.二、短语作同位语1.名词短语作同位语Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.2.不定式作同位语Itwasformedforthisreason,tomakepeoplemoreliterate.3.分词短语作同位语Hisgreatestinterestinlife,playingfootball,hasbroughthimmanyfriends.4.形容词短语作同位语Peop
4、le,oldandyoung,rantothestreetstowatchtheparade.三、句子作同位语某些名词后面，可以跟用来对它作进一步解释的主谓结构，这个部分就称为同位语从句。引导从句的连接词通常有that,when,where,why,whether,how等.例如：Hisfailurewasduetothefactthathehadnotpracticedforalongtime.Thisisthereasonwhyshewillnotattendthemeeting．Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome.四、
5、区别同位语从句和定语从句1．从句意义试比较：Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．我听到我们球队获胜的消息。Thenewsthathetoldmeisnottrue.他告诉我的那个消息不是真的。同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系,作用相当于名词,用来进一步解释或补充说明前面的名词,表示其实际内容;而定语从句相当于形容词,用来说明该名词的性质或特征,对其起修饰或限定的作用。2.引导词同位语从句和定语从句共同的引导词主要有that，when，where，why。试比较：Hemadeapromisethathewouldneverco
6、melate.Theskirt（that）Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.when,where,why引导同位语从句时，与先行词无逻辑关系，叫做连接副词，在从句中充当状语；而引导定语从句时，具有指代先行词的作用，叫做关系副词，在从句中充当状语，可以转换成“介词+关系代词”的形式。例如：Wehavenoideawhenshewasborn．Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIjoinedthearmy．Heputforwardtothequestionwherethemeetingwouldbeh
7、eld．Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichIlivedtwoyearsago．TheteacherhadnoideawhyJackwasabsent．Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichshewillnotattendthemeeting．onthedayInthehouseforthereason3．先行词同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，hope，promise，news，doubt，truth，suggestion，belief等少数抽象名词。例如：Thefactthat
8、hehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody．Shetoldusherhop
