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1、浅谈城市湿地生态的保护-绿色环保论文摘要:群力外滩湿地是哈尔滨松花江沿线重要湿地之一,对调蓄松花江江洪水、涵养水源、候鸟与湿地多样性保护等具有重要意义,随着哈尔滨经济发展,湿地保护、恢复已刻不容缓。文中在对群力外滩湿地主要生态功能、生态环境问题进行分析评价的基础上,提出了该湿地生态保护的对策。Abstract:wewetlandisoneoftheimportantwetlandsofHarbinsonghuariveralongthebund,toregulateJiangHongshuisonghuariver,waterconservation,migra
2、torybirds,andisofgreatsignificancefortheprotectionofwetlandbiodiversity,withHarbineconomicdevelopment,wetlandprotectionandrecoveryareimperative.Ofwethebundisthewetlandecologicalfunctions,ecologicalenvironmentproblems,onthebasisoftheanalysisandevaluationofthewetlandecologicalprotectio
3、ncountermeasuresareputforward. 1引言1introduction 湿地与森林、海洋并称为全球三大生态系统,是自然界最富生物多样性的生态景观和人类最重要的生存环境之一。湿地具有抵御洪水、调节气候、涵养水源、净化水体、维持生物的多样性等多种生态功能。在各种类型的生态系统中,湿地生态系统的服务价值最高。Wetlandsandforests,oceansandcalledtheworld’sthreebigecosystem,isoneofnature’smostrichbiologicaldiversityoftheeco
4、logicallandscapeandoneofthemostimportantlivingenvironmentofmankind.Wetlandhasfloodcontrol,regulatingclimate,waterconservation,purifyingwaterbody,maintainingbiodiversityandsoonthemanykindsofecologicalfunction.Invarioustypesofecosystem,thewetlandecosystemservicevalueofthehighest. 群力外滩
5、是哈尔滨市区唯一的自然状态湿地,经过城市不断的向外扩展以及人口的增加,并受人为因素干扰,部分已被开垦为农田,湿地机能遭到严重破坏。为了促进城市健康发展、可持续发展,对该湿地的保护、恢复工作已刻不容缓。Wethebundistheonlywetland,thenaturalstateofHarbincityafterthecity’soutwardexpansionandtheincreaseofpopulation,andinterferencebyhumanfactors,theparthasbeenconvertedforfarmland,seriousde
6、structionofwetlandfunction.Inordertopromotethehealthydevelopmentofthecity,thesustainabledevelopmentofthewetlandprotectionandrecovery,workisurgent. 2国际经验比较与借鉴2theinternationalcomparisonanddrawlessonsfromexperience 2.1德国莫海姆市湿地保护2.1Germanymorhaimecitywetlandprotection 他们以“让河流做自己的
7、事”为理念,用更自然化的手段来达到防洪、环境改善、生态修复等多重长效作用。通过重建缓冲带、增设与河道垂直的开口、鼓励小规模泛洪、控制洪水淹没范围等手段,不仅可以培育河滨生境,逐步实现河道半自然化;而且可以减低洪水累计风险,减少洪水危害。该项目由堤防后退1.3km获得2.02km2圩田,作为泛洪用地,并在圩田内开辟了3.5hm2林地,提升了滞洪空间的景观和休憩价值。Themto“lettheriversdoyourownthing”fortheidea,withamorenaturalwaytoachievefloodcontrol,environmentalim
8、provement,ec