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1、2012年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之科技说明文类pointguard,ornumbersperson.Thefixedmind-setbelievesit’ssuretosucceedwithoutmucheffortandregardsfailureaspersonalshame.Whenthingsgetdifficult,it’squicktoblame,lie,andevenstayawayfromfuturedifficulties.Ontheotherhand,agrowthmind-setbelievesthatnotalentise
2、ntirelyheaven-sentandthateffortandlearningmakeeverythingpossible.Becausetheego(自尊)isn’tonthelineasmuch,thegrowthmind-setseesfailureasachanceratherthanshame.Whenfacedwithadifficulty,it’squicktorethink,changeandtryagain.Infact,itenjoysthisexperience.Weareallbornwithgrowthmind-sets.(
3、Otherwise,wewouldn’tbeabletoliveintheworld.)Butparents,teachers,andinstructorsoftenpushusintofixedmind-setsbyencouragingcertainactionsandmisdirectingpraise.Dweck’sbook,Mind-set:TheNewPsychologyofSuccess,andonlineinstructionalprogramexplainthisindepth.Butshesaystherearemanylittleth
4、ingsyoucanstartdoingtodaytomakesurethatyourchildren,grandchildrenandevenyouareneverdefeatedbyfailure.【文章大意】本文是一篇科学调查报告。斯坦福大学教授Dweck经过40年的调查研究认为人们对待失败有两种不同的思维模式，这两种思维模式对我们如何对待失败有很大的影响。第一种是有固定思维模式的人，他们认为才能是天生的，成功不需要努力而失败是耻辱。他们逃避未来的困难。第二种是具有成长思维模式的人，他们认为才能不是天生的，努力和学习使一切成为可能。向失败学习并把它看
5、作成长的经历。57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthepresentgeneration?A.Theydon’tdowellatschool.B.Theyareoftenmisunderstood.19C.Theyareeagertowininsports.D.Theyaregiventoomuchpraise.【答案】D【解析】根据第一段中的“professorCarolDweck,PhD,callsthem“theoverpraisedgeneration.””可知：他们被表扬的太多了。【考点定位】考查作者观点和看法。58.A
6、fixedmind-setpersonisprobablyonewho___.A.doesn’twanttoworkhardB.caresalotaboutpersonalsafetyC.cannotsharehisideaswithothersD.cansucceedwiththehelpofteachers【答案】A【解析】根据文章第三段中的“Thefixedmind-setbelievesit’ssuretosucceedwithoutmucheffortandregardsfailureaspersonalshame.”可知：他相信成功但不想付出努
7、力。【考点定位】考查判断推理。59.Whatdoesthegrowthmind-setbelieve?A.Admittingfailureisshameful.B.Talentcomeswithone’sbirth.C.Scoresshouldbehighlyvalued.D.Gettingoverdifficultiesisenjoyable.【答案】D【解析】根据文章第四段中的“thegrowthmind-setseesfailureasachanceratherthanshame.Whenfacedwithadifficulty,it’squickt
8、orethink,changeandtryagain.Infact
