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1、ProcessCapability(Cp/Cpk/Pp/Ppk)GlobalTrainingMaterialCreator:GlobalMechanicsProcessManagerFunction:MechanicsApprover:GaryBradley/GlobalProcessTeamDocumentID:DMT00018-ENVersion/Status:V.1.0/ApprovedLocation:Notes:\…NMPDOCMANR4PCPPCProcessLibraryDocManCha
2、ngeHistory:IssueDateHandledByComments1.021stDec’01JimChristy&SørenLundsfrydApprovedforGlobalUseNOTE–Allcommentsandimprovementsshouldbeaddressedtothecreatorofthisdocument.ContentsSectionHeading/DescriptionPage1Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControl42Populat
3、ion,SampleandNormalDistribution153CpandCpkConcept284UseoftheNMPDataCollectionSpreadsheet445ConfidenceofCpk52ProcessCapability-EvaluatingManufacturingVariationAcknowledgementsBennyMatthiassen(NMPCMT,Copenhagen,Denmark)FrankAdler(NMPAlliance,Dallas,USA)JoniLaak
4、so(NMPR&D,Salo,Finland)JimChristy(NMPSRC,Southwood,UK)Section1Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControlTwoTypesofProductCharacteristicsVariable:Acharacteristicmeasuredinphysicalunits,e.g.millimetres,volts,amps,decibelandseconds.ONOFFAttribute:Acharacteristict
5、hatbycomparisontosomestandardisjudged“good”or“bad”,e.g.freefromscratches(visualquality).InthistrainingwedealwithvariablesonlyTheSourcesofProcess/SystemVariationMethodsOperatorsCustomerSatisfactionMaterialEnvironmentEquipmentProcessTwoTypesofProcessesAllproces
6、seshave:Natural(random)variability=>duetocommoncausesStableProcess:AprocessinwhichvariationinoutcomesarisesonlyfromcommoncausesUnstableProcess:AprocessinwhichvariationisaresultofbothcommonandspecialcausesUSLLSLnominalvalueDefectUSLLSLnominalvalueUnnaturalvar
7、iability=>duetospecialcausesShewhart(1931)TheTwoCausesofVariationCommonCauses:Causesthatareimplementedintheprocessduetothedesignoftheprocess,andaffectalloutcomesoftheprocessIdentifyingthesetypesofcausesrequiresmethodssuchasDesignofExperiment(DOE),etc.SpecialC
8、auses:Causesthatarenotpresentintheprocessallthetimeanddonotaffectalloutcomes,butarisebecauseofspecificcircumstancesSpecialcausescanbeidentifiedusingStatisticalProcessControl(SPC)USLLSLNom