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1、语法专题——被动语态笔记一、构成1..归纳各种时态的被动语态的基本形式eg：1.Thefilmisoftentalkedabout.2.ThebabywaslookedafterbyLily.3.Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.4.Thecakeisbeingmadebymymothernow.5.Thefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.6.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishmustn’tbethrownintotheriver.7.ThisEngli
2、shsongwasbeingsungbythegirlswhenIpassedbyafterclass.8.Thee-mailwouldbesenttotheboss.9.TheclassroomhadbeencleanedwhenIgotthere.10.Thisproblemcanbesolvedinanhourbyhim.归纳：1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.一般将来时4.现在进行时5.过去进行时6.过去将来时7.现在完成时8.过去完成时9.含有情态动词2.主语+谓语+间宾+直宾.（双宾语）◆注意：以下接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接
3、宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。常见的双宾语动词如give,offer,pass,show,lend,send用介词to;buy,make,mend,cook,sing,get用for.givesbsth→__________________________showsbsth→__________________________buysbsth→__________________________2cooksbsth→__________________________3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语.在
4、主动句中,使役动词、感官动词make,see,hear,watch,notice等词后跟省略to的不定式，变被动语态时，必须还原to.makesbdosth→___________________________seesbdosth→___________________________hearsbdosth→___________________________noticesbdosth→___________________________但是，see/hear/noticesbdoingsth变为被动结构时不需要加to。seesbdoi
5、ngsth→___________________________hearsbdoingsth→___________________________noticesbdoingsth→___________________________二、主动表被动情况1、lock,open,read,sell,wash,write等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不是强调被执行的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义，且常与not,hardly,well,easily,badly,nicely等副词连用。（1）Thebookissoldout,becauseits
6、ellswell.（2）Thepeniswrittenbymeanditwriteswell.2、need,want,require等动词以及形容词worth（值得）后面，跟-ing的主动形式表达被动意义。needdoingsth=needtobedonewantdoingsth=wanttobedone需要被做某事requiredoingsth=requiretobedonebeworthdoingsth值得被做某事三、没有被动语态的几种情况1.所有不及物动词（vi.)和短语不能用于被动语态中。appear,die,disappear,en
7、d,fail,happen,sit,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.comeout,runout,2.系动词没有被动语态①be动词②感官动词+adjlook,feel(感觉，摸起来),sound,smell,taste③(逐渐)变得/变成：become,grow,get,turn,come,go2
