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时间:2020-03-26
《矿山-河流系统中重金属污染的地球化学研究.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、矿物岩石地球化学通报·综述·BulletinofMineralogy,PetrologyandGeochemistryVo1.29No.1。Jan.2010矿山一河流系统中重金属污染的地球化学研究钱建平,江文莹,牛云飞桂林理工大学地球科学学院,广西桂林5410041摘要:立足于矿山及纳污河流生态系统,从重金属污染源研究入手,分析了尾矿重金属淋滤释放规律和影响因素;阐述了重金属在矿山及相关河流系统中的迁移、转化和富集过程及其对生态环境的影响;总结和评述了现有的矿山环境重金属污染的评价方法,指出了今后的研究重点
2、:努力减少尾矿中重金属向环境释放,逐步实现矿床的无废开采;设计不同条件和影响因素下的尾矿淋滤实验,加强酸性废水和尾矿重金属淋滤释放规律的研究,建立酸性矿山废水和重金属释放的预测模型;运用微量元素、稀土元素和高精度的Pb、S同位素测试手段,示踪重金属的来源及其运移途径;运用3S技术和高新技术手段提取和识别环境地球化学信息,加强矿山一河流系统重金属污染及其生态环境影响的监测;运用地球化学工程技术和植物修复技术治理矿山环境及其影响流域的污染。关键词:矿山环境;尾矿;重金属污染;化学形态;迁移转化中图分类号:X14
3、2文献标识码:A文章编号:1007-2802(2010)01—0074—09GeochemistryofHeavyMetalPollutionintheMine-riverSystemQIANJian—ping,JIANGWen-ying,NIUYun-feiCollegeofGeosciences,GuilinUniversityofTechnology,Guilin,Guangxi541004,ChinaAbstract:Heavymetalspollutionatminesitescanbechara
4、cterizedbymanypollutionelements,complicatedele—mentspeciation,superimpositionofotherpollutants,longhistoryofpollution,difficulttoberemediated,andSOon.Thispaperfocusedonmine-riverecosystems,analyzedthereleaserulesofheavymetalintailingsbyleachinganditsinflue
5、ncefactors,investigatedmigration,transformation,andaccumulationprocessesofheavymetalsandtheirimpactsontheecologicalenvironment.Havingreviewedmethodsofheavymetalpollutionevaluatinginthemineenvironments,thispaperproposedthatthefutureresearchshouldbefocusedon
6、thefollowings,suchas,howtore—duceheavymetalsemissionsandgraduallyachievenon-wastemining;conducttailingsleachingexperimentsatdifferentconditionsandunderdifferentinfluencefactors;enhanceresearchesontheaciddrainageofmineandmechanismofheavymetalreleasingduring
7、leaching;setuppredictionmodelsforthereleaseofacidminedrainageandheavymetal;usemethodsOftraceelements,rareearthelementsandPb,Sisotopestotracethesourceandmigrationpathofheavymetals:use3Sandadvancedtechnologiestoextractandtoidentifyenvironmentalgeochemica1inf
8、ormation;monitorheavymetalpollutioninmine—riversystemsanditsinfluenceoneco-environments;applygeochemica1engineeringtechniquesandphyto-remediationtechniquestorehabilitateenvironmentsofmininganddrainageareas.Ke
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