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1、Unit11．(1)D(2)A(3)B(4)D(5)B(6)A(7)B(8)D(9)C(10)A2．(1)D(2)E(3)A(4)C(5)B(6)G(7)FUnit21.Describetheorganizationofbasiccomputersystems.Acomputergenerallyconsistsofthreesubsystems:theCPU,memory,andtheinput/outputsubsystem.Thesesubsystemscommunicatewitheachotherusingbuses.Theprocessorsends
2、outtheaddresstobeaccessedinmemoryortheaddressoftheI/Odeviceviatheaddressbus.Thedatabuscarriesdatabetweenthesubsystems.Informationsentonthecontrolbuscoordinatesalldatatransfers.2.Howdoesaprocessorprocessaninstruction?Toprocessaninstruction,theprocessorgoesthroughaninstructioncycle.Thi
3、s,inturn,consistsofcyclestofetchaninstructionfrommemory,decodetheinstruction,andexecutetheinstruction.Allinstructionsarefetchedanddecodedinthesameway,buttheexecutecycleisdifferentforeveryinstruction.3.HowmanysectionsarethereinaCPU,andwhataretheirfunctions?TheCPUhasthreesections:there
4、gistersectionisusedfordatastorage.Itcontainstheregistersoftheprocessor’sISAaswellasotherregistersnotdirectlyaccessiblebytheprogrammer.Thearithmetic/logicunitperformscomputationsondatawiththeCPU.Sinceitmustcompleteitsoperationswithinasingleclockcycle,itisconstructedusingonlycombinator
5、iallogic.Thecontrolunitoutputssignalstocontroltherestoftheprocessor.Byoutputtingthecontrolsignalsinthecorrectorder,itcausestheprocessortofetch,decode,andexecuteinstructions.4.Howmanytypesofmemorychipsareusedincomputerdesign,andwhataretheirmainfeatures?Thereareseveraltypesofmemorychip
6、susedincomputerdesign.Thedatainreadonlymemorychips,includingROM,PROM,EPROM,andEEPROM,isfixed;theirdatadoesnotchange,andremainsvalidwhenthecomputeristurnedoff.Thecomputercanmodifythecontentsofrandomaccessmemory,SRAM,andDRAM:itscontentsarelostwhenpoweristurnedoff.Internally,allmemorych
7、ipsareorganizedaslineararraysormulti-dimensionalarrays.Decodersselectthememorylocationspecifiedbythememorychip’saddressinputs.5.HowmanytypesofI/Odevicescanbeusedinacomputersystem?AcomputersystemcanuseoneoftwotypesofI/Oaccess.MemorymappedI/OtreatsanI/Odevicesasifitwereamemorylocation.
8、Thesameinstr
