英汉双语材料力学.ppt

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1、CHAPTER15FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTSMechanicsofMaterials材料力学第十五章实验应力分析基础CHAPTER15FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTS§15–1SUMMARY§15–2PRINCIPLEANDAPPLICATIONOFTHESTRAINOMETEROFTHERESISTANCE§15–3PRINCIPLEANDAPPLICATIONOFTHEPHOTOELAS

2、TICITY第十五章实验应力分析基础§15–1概述§15–2电阻应变计法的原理及应用§15–3光弹性法的原理及应用§15–１Summary一、Functionofthestressanalysismethodinexperiments：1.Determinethereasonabledimensionandthestructurealformofamemberaccordingtothetestedstressorstrainofthemodelindesigning.2.Testthetruestre

3、ssorstrainofamemberinworkandfindoutthepositionandthevalueofthemaximumstressinordertoevaluatethesaftyandreliabilityoftheengineeringstructureandtoprovidethebasisofimprovingworkingabilityfortheequipment.3.Analyzethedestroyedorfailedmemberandproposethemeasur

4、esofimprovementinordertopreventitfromdestroyingagain.4.Testthemagnitude,derectionandallkindsofdynamicresponsesoftheexternalload.5.Explorethenewrulefromtestsandcheckthetheoryofstressanalysisandthecalculationmethod.FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMEN

5、TS§15–１概述一、实验应力分析方法的作用：1.设计时，测定模型的应力或变形，依此来确定构件的合理尺寸和结构形式。2.工作中，测定构件的真实应力或变形，找出最大应力的位置和数值，以评价工程结构的安全可靠性，并为提高设备的工作能力提供依据。3.对破坏或失效构件进行分析，提出改进措施，防止再次破坏。4.测定外载的大小、方向以及各种动响应。5.从试验中探索新的规律，并对应力分析理论和计算方法进行校核。实验应力分析基础二、Briefintroductionofmethodsinthestressana

6、lysisofexperiments1.Themachinerymeasuringmethod.ThefigureofmeasuringdeformationsinthebookannotatedbyZhengXuan(127-200)intheeastHandynasty.FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTS二、实验应力分析方法简介：1.机械量测法东汉郑玄(127—200)注释的《考工记•弓人》中的测变形图实验应力分析基础LeonardoDaV

7、inci(1452-1519).ThispictureisconsideredtoshowtheearliesttestinMechanicsofMaterials.ThetensiletestofanironwiredesignedbyLeonardoDaVinci.FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTS里奥纳多•达•芬奇(1452—1519)此图被认为是最早的材力试验实验应力分析基础里奥纳多•达•芬奇设计的铁丝受拉试验tensileFOUNDATION

8、SOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTSGalileo(1564—1642)Fig.14SketchofthetensiletestofGalileoFig.15SketchofthebendingtestofGalileo伽利略(1564—1642)实验应力分析基础FOUNDATIONSOFTHESTRESSANALYSISINEXPERIMENTSFig.37Tensile-testmachineofMushe