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1、HundredYears´War英法百年战争It‘sthelongestwaroftheworld.Lastedfor116years,from1337to1453.ItbeganbetweeenTheKingdomofEnglandandTheKingdomofFrance.ThesourceisintheregionFlanders(法兰德斯).Atthattime,FlandersisafamousindustryadvancedareaofEurope.ThebusinessmenofFlande
2、rswantedtoescapefromthecontroloftheemperorofFrance.Buttheydaren'ttoberebels,sotheythoughtoutagoodidea,theyissuedthattheemperorofEnglandisthefeudallord(领主)ofFrance.BecauseEnglandhadapartofFrenchland,sotheycouldsaytheywereEnglishpeople.AndjustbecauseofFlemi
3、sh(法兰德斯人的)statement,EnglandandFrancebeganthewarthatlastedforonehundredyears.BackgroundPrimacordIn1328,CharlesIVdied.CapetianDynastywaswithoutoffspring.ThehouseofValois’sPhilippeVIaccededtothethrone.EdwardIIIfightwithPhilippeVIforthethroneinthequanlificati
4、onofCharlesIV’snephew.Thewarbrokeout.EdwardIIIPhilippeVIProcessTheFirstStageNevember1337,EdwardIII(爱德华三世)leadedthemilitarytoattackFrance,thewarbegan.1337-1360year,EnglandandFrancefightedforFlandersandKeane(基恩）.1340,EnglandbeatFranceinBattleofSluys(斯鲁伊斯海战)
5、,EnglandcontroledtheEnglishchannel(英吉利海峡).August1346,EnglandgotagreatvictoryinBattleofCrécy.Thenextyear,inJuly,EnglandcapturedCalais.1348,theblackdeathspreadacrosstheEuropean,andthetwocontriesstoppedbattlingfor10years.1356,EnglandinvadedFranceagain,andcap
6、truedKeaneandGasconha(加斯科涅),beinginthesouth-westofFrance.1360,Francewasforcedtoconcludeandsign(签订)theTreatyofBretigny(布勒丁尼合约),whichwasaveryunfairtreaty.1356,theBlackPrinceEdward(黑太子爱德华)arrivedinBordeaux(波尔多),invincibility(不可战胜地),inSeptember,inPoitiers(普瓦捷
7、),beatFrance,caughtalivetheemperorofFranceJéanIItheprincePhilippeandalotofnoblemen(贵族).TheprincewasforcedtoconcludeandsigntheTreatyofBrétigny,whichmainlyinvolvedthefollowingthings:1.theEnglandemperorgaveuptherightofinheritance(纪承权)oftheFrenchemperor2.Fran
8、cegavelotsofFrenchterritories(领土)toEngland3.Francemustpayforagreatdealofmoneytoransomed(赎回)JéanII.TreatyofBretignyBattleofCrecyThebattleofCrecy（克雷西会战）happenedonAugust261346,andEnglishsodierswhousedEnglandlongbow(英格兰
