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1、Nouns名词考点揭密1.掌握名词的概念、分类,名词可分为:普通名词和专有名词;2.掌握名词复数的构成、用法;名词所有格的构成方法及用法;3.理解名词在句中的功能,掌握名词作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的用法;4.能够辨析部分名词的用法区别,并熟练运用,如:family,home,house;work,job等名词的数名词的所有格名词的变化可数名词不可数名词NOUN.名词的单数形式一般可用a来修饰*acar*abook在元音发音开头的单词前用an*anelephant*anapple*anorange要点考点
2、聚焦flowerflowers找规律watchesfactory-factoriesleaf--leavesboxesNOUN.名词的复数形式1.复数形式的构成方法(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/*dog–dogs*book–books(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/*box–boxes*watch–watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/*country–countries*factory–factories请区别:如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boy
3、–boysholiday-holidays*monkey–monkeys要点考点聚焦找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesNOUN.radiosphotos找规律zoospianosNOUN.(4)以o结尾的名词加“s”/z/*radio–radios*zoo–zoos只有potatotomato加“es”构成复数potato–potatoestomato–tomatoeszero---zeros/zeroes。(5)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/*half–halves*shelf–shelve
4、s*knife–knives*leaf–leaves2.特殊变化的单词(1)单复数同形Chinese–Chinesefish–fishJapanese–Japanesesheep–sheep(2)变元音字母oo为eetooth–teethfoot–feet不规则变化child--childrenwoman--womendeersheepman--menNOUN.3.变man为menman–menwoman–womenpoliceman–policemenFrenchman–Frenchmen请区别:German(德国人)–German
5、s4.其它形式child–childrenmouse–mice5.一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况(1)将中心词变为复数girlfriend–girlfriendsgrandchild–grandchildren(2)man,woman构成的合成词,每个名词都要变成复数amandoctor–mendoctorsawomanteacher–womenteachers6.常以复数形式出现的名词peopleclothespolicetrousersglasses这些名词作主语时,注意它们的谓语用复数*Myclothesarenewertha
6、nyours.*Thepoliceoftencomehere.7.可用howmany,many,afew,few,any,lotsof,some,alotof等修饰可数名词复数*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?★不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water,rice,fish,meat等。特别记住houseworkworkchalktimespacemusicmoneyweathercottonhomeworkwoodin
7、formationnewsmedicine1.不可数名词无复数,作主语时常看成单数*Somebreadisoverthere.*Nonewsisgoodnews.2.常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,some,any等来修饰不可数名词*Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.3.常用apieceof,acupof,aglassof,abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在of前面的名词上,而of后始终是单数*Thereisapie
8、ceofpaperinthebook.*Threeglassesoforangeareonthedesk.4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化,同一个词,但意思不同(1)glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻