初升高英语句子成分.ppt

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1、句子成分概念：组成句子的各个部分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。主语（subject）:句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首Thesunrisesintheeast.（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）

2、Therichshouldhelpthepoor.therich=therichpeople名词化的形容词讲述“谁”Weworkinabigfactory.讲述“什么”Theclassroomisverybig.数词作主语Threeareenough.三个人就够了不定式作主语TooperateontheblindisoneoftheORBISDoctor’sjob.从句作主语Whatweneedisfood.我们最需要的是食物.在“Therebe…”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如：Therearesomebottlesofm

3、ilkinthebox.Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.形式主语真正主语It=thattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。如：Itisveryinterestingtoplaythegamecalled“treatortrick”.Ittooktwoworkersaboutthreemonthstobuildtheho

4、use.1.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.2.Eattoomuchmeatisbadforyourhealth.V.不能做主语！指出下列句中主语的中心词①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.介词不能作主语②Thereisanoldmancominghere.Thereisanappleonthetable.Anappleisthereonthetable.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymy

5、motherlastyear.④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.找出下面句子的主语1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.主语小测单选：1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.w

6、asC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.They谓语说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。由动词充当，主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。谓语动词存在多种时态，它是句子的核心。谓语（predicate）:常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleep

7、verylatelastnight.Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.Heisverygenerous.Shelooksverysmartandcool.Wehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascau

8、ghtabadcough.Wearestudents.Thatideasoundsgreat!复合谓语：1.情态动词助动词+v2.系动词+adj./n.（以及其它表语成分）Openthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Don’tlaughatothers!Don’