直接引语、间接引语和练习.doc

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1、直接引语和间接引语直接引语种类间接引语的连接词直接引语→间接引语原则例句其他注意事项陈述句that(口语省略)（1）去掉“”，加that；（2）时态向更早推一步；（3）人称、状语作相应变化直：Shesaidtome,“Iseehimtoday.”间：Shetoldme(that)shesawhimthatday.(1)人称变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变；就是间接引语中，宾语从句如是一人称，则与主句主语相同；如宾语从句主语如是二人称，则与主句宾语相同，三人称不变。(3)指示代词、地点状语和时间状语变化：this-that;the

2、se-those;here-there;now-then;today-thatday.(4)标点：？变.(5)疑问语序变陈述语序(6)直接引语如果是客观真理、自然规律等，时态不变化。一般疑问句if/whether(1)去掉“”，加if/whether;(2)陈述语序；(3)时态向更早推一步；(4)人称、状语作相应变化直：Sheasks/asked,“Haveyouseenthefilm?”间：Sheasks/askedmeif/whetherIhave/hadseenthefilm.特殊疑问句直接引语的疑问词(1)去掉“”;

3、(2)陈述语序，去掉助动词；(3)时态向更早推一步；(4)人称、状语作相应变化直：Theyaskhim,"Whendoyouharvestthewheat?"间：Theyaskhimwhenheharveststhewheat.祈使句无肯定式用ask/tell/ordersb.todo;否定式用ask/tell/ordersb.nottodo(1)Theteachersaystotheboy,“Openthewindow.”Theteachertellstheboytopenthewindow.(2)“Don’tdothat

4、again,”theteachersaystome.Theteachertellsmenottodothatagain.改为间接引语：1.Jackaskedher,“Wheredidyouspendyourholiday?”2.Isaidtoher,“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”3.Janeaskedme,“Whatdidyouhearaboutaweekago?”4.Hesaid,“Thejobiscompletednow.”5.Maryaskedme,“Whoisshe?”6.J

5、immyaskedme,“Whendidyoufinishreadingit?”7.Myfriendaskedme,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”8.Theteacherorderedthestudents,“Keepsilent!”9.TheteachersaidtoBill,“Don’tbelateagain.”10.Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“TheGreatWallisthelongestwallintheworld.”答案：1.Jackaskedherwhereshehadsp

6、entherholiday.2.Isaidtoherthattheywerewalkingthroughthestreetthen.3.JaneaskedmewhatIhadheardaboutaweekbefore.4.Hesaidthatthejobwascompletedthen.5.Maryaskedmewhoshewas.6.JimmyaskedmewhenIhadfinishedreadingit.7.Myfriendaskedmewhether/ifIlikedEnglish.8.Theteacherorder

7、edthestudentstokeepsilent.9.TheteachertoldBillnottobelateagain.10.OurgeographyteachertoldusthattheGreatWallisthelongestwallintheworld.