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1、定语从句定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagi
2、rlwhohaslonghair.关系代词which,who,whom,whose,that先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。定语从句：先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句修饰定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.先行词关系词指人that(作主语、宾语或表语)who(
3、作主语、宾语或表语)whom(作宾语)指物that(作主语、宾语或表语)which(作主语或宾语)有时可代替whom作宾语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语
4、whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.下列情况只能用that1.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.2.当先行词是指物的little,few,much,any,all,anything,som
5、ething,nothing,none,theone,everything,等不定代词时。that与which的区别Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。E.g:Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5.先行词为人和物的组合。E.g:Theytalkedforanhourofthingsandpers
6、onsthattheyrememberedintheschool.E.g:Whichofthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryisthemostinteresting?6.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。Ilovetheschool_____Ihavestudiedinforthreeyears.（2013湖南衡阳）A.whereB.whenC.that【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是theschool，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即
7、C。考点例析—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthering_____myhusbandboughtmelastyear.(2012山东滨州)A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词thering指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。考点例析—Whatshallwedonext?—Taketheadvice_____isgivenbyDr.Bloch.(2012福建泉州)A.whoB.wh
