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1、动词不定式中的省略动词不定式中的省略现象可分为两种情况,一是动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略;二是动词不定式符号to的省略.一,省略动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的情况1.一些表示心理活动,情感态度的动词或短语,如expectwanthopewishlovehatedecideplanmeantrywouldlikebereadybeafraidbeglad等后,动词不定式省略to后面的动词部分,但保留to.例如:(1)-I'llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumi
2、ndlookingaftermydog-Notatall.I'dbegladto.(2)-Willyougowithme-Well,I'dliketo.(3)-Willyougohometomorrow-No.I'mgoingtoalecture,oratleastIamplanningto.2.不定式作宾语补足语时,省略to后的动词部分,即用to代替整个不定式.例如:(1)Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreetbuthismothertoldhimnotto.(2)You'dbet
3、terfinishthejobontimeifheorderedyouto.3.在一些情态动词或助动词oughttohavetousedtobeableto后.例如:(1)-MustIgonow-No.Youdon'thaveto.(2)-Areyouplanningtoseeyourgrandfather-No.ButIoughtto.二,省略动词不定式符号to的情况1.动词不定式作感官动词feelseeoticewatchfindhearlistentoobserve和使役动词havemake
4、let等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to省略.如果这些动词用于被动语态,其后的动词不定式符号to不能省略(但let除外).例如:(1)Weoftenhearhimsingthesongathome.(=Heisoftenheardtosingthesongathome.)(2)Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenhergrowupfromchildhood.(=Theyknewherverywell.Shewasseentogrowupfromchildhood.)注意:get作"使,让,叫某人
5、做某事"时,要用getsb.todosth.结构.例如:MothergotTomtobuyapackofsugar.2.两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词andorthanbut连接时,从第二个不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to.但如果强调对比之意时不省略.例如:(1)She'dliketotakeoffhercoatandhaveabreak.(2)Thestudentsaretaughttoread,writeanddomanyotherthings.(3)It'smoredifficulttodothantosay
6、.(强调语意前后对比)(4)Theteachercamenottopunishyoubuttohelpyou.(强调语意前后对比)(5)Iwonderedwhethertostudyortowork.(强调语意前后对比)3.不定式作表语,用来解释主语或主语从句中do的精确含义时,往往可以省略动词不定式符号to.例如:(1)Thefirstthingshedidwasgouptohertrainerandthankherforallherhelpduringhertraining.(2)Whatwewanttodonowis
7、liedownandrest.(3)Whatadictionarydoesishelpthestudentstofindoutthemeaningandtheusageofnewwords.4.在why或whynot引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中.例如:(1)Whygetsoexcited(2)Whyquarrelwithyourmother(3)Whynotjoinus,Tom5.在一些类似情态动词词组hadbetterwouldratherhadbestratherthancan'tbutcan'thelp
8、but等之后.例如:(1)InChinaitisimportanttoinvestineducationratherthanincreasepersonalwages.(2)Jackwouldratherreadthantalk.(3)You'dbetterputonmoreclothes,oryou'
